tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-84392917526795715462024-02-23T00:58:23.218+06:00My Daily Works ArchiveITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.comBlogger217125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-52797740453145273022024-01-03T16:59:00.005+06:002024-01-03T16:59:35.987+06:00Restart Network Service on CentOS 8 or RHEL 8<p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "Public Sans", system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: var(--post-content-gaps); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;">This tutorial will help you to Start/Stop and Restart the network services on a CentOS 8 or RHEL 8 Linux system. Here are the two methods available. We prefer method 1 to use.</p><br /><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "Public Sans", system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: var(--post-content-gaps); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;"><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjO84QKxpnhrFrxaohF5_Txu6c_vSpEQcZENt0e__ohtgkD0f-1aUzbmuu9-rx6PC84U8tQHr_qrA1mQ2t4BsqDzGuVpDYIwnBxV9BADJ_emMER4y_TlHLY6fgrDfX6jYtva4Ys4nosGP1_IbOwErGsLQ03QMmE3Uf3yAEjDWYz7EdxME0YfirGK-7oaAmi/s760/centos.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="428" data-original-width="760" height="113" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjO84QKxpnhrFrxaohF5_Txu6c_vSpEQcZENt0e__ohtgkD0f-1aUzbmuu9-rx6PC84U8tQHr_qrA1mQ2t4BsqDzGuVpDYIwnBxV9BADJ_emMER4y_TlHLY6fgrDfX6jYtva4Ys4nosGP1_IbOwErGsLQ03QMmE3Uf3yAEjDWYz7EdxME0YfirGK-7oaAmi/w200-h113/centos.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><p></p><h2 class="heading1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: var(--c-headings); font-family: "Public Sans", system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 32px; font-weight: var(--title-fw-bold); line-height: 1.5; margin: 1.35em 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline;">Method 1 – Using NetworkManager Service</h2><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "Public Sans", system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: var(--post-content-gaps); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;">Use the followings commands to start/stop network service on your CentOS/RHEL 8 Linux system.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "Public Sans", system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: var(--post-content-gaps); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;"><br /></p><pre style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: rgba(219, 225, 231, 0.9); border-color: rgb(227, 221, 221) rgb(227, 221, 221) rgb(227, 221, 221) rgb(116, 124, 114); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 3px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: "Roboto Mono", Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: calc(var(--post-content-gaps) + .3em) auto; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 12px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-all;"><dprompt style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: inherit;">sudo systemctl start NetworkManager.service
<dprompt style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: inherit;">sudo systemctl stop NetworkManager.service
</dprompt></dprompt></pre><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "Public Sans", system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: var(--post-content-gaps); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;"><br /></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "Public Sans", system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: var(--post-content-gaps); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;">Use the followings commands to restart network service on your CentOS/RHEL 8 Linux system.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "Public Sans", system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: var(--post-content-gaps); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;"><br /></p><pre style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: rgba(219, 225, 231, 0.9); border-color: rgb(227, 221, 221) rgb(227, 221, 221) rgb(227, 221, 221) rgb(116, 124, 114); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 3px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: "Roboto Mono", Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: calc(var(--post-content-gaps) + .3em) auto; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 12px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-all;"><dprompt style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: inherit;">sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager.service
</dprompt></pre><h2 class="heading1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: var(--c-headings); font-family: "Public Sans", system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 32px; font-weight: var(--title-fw-bold); line-height: 1.5; margin: 1.35em 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline;">Method 2 – Using nmcli Tool</h2><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "Public Sans", system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: var(--post-content-gaps); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;">The <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background: rgba(var(--c-rgba),0.03); border-radius: 6px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: "Public Sans"; letter-spacing: 0.1px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px !important; vertical-align: baseline;">nmcli</code> is the command-line utility for the managing NetworkManager on CentOS/RHEL 8 Linux system. You can simply use this utility to stop/start network service on your CentOS 8 or RHEL 8 system.</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "Public Sans", system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: var(--post-content-gaps); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;"><br /></p><div class="ta_warning" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: #feefb3; border-radius: 8px; border: 2px solid; box-sizing: inherit; color: #9f6000; font-family: "Public Sans", system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; margin-bottom: var(--post-content-gaps); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 10px; padding: 18px 12px 10px 13px; vertical-align: baseline;">WARNING – Do not run <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background: rgba(var(--c-rgba),0.03); border-radius: 6px; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: "Public Sans"; letter-spacing: 0.1px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px !important; vertical-align: baseline;">nmcli networking off</code> for the remotely connected systems. This will disable the NetworkManager network connections on the machine and you will lose connection.</div><pre style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: rgba(219, 225, 231, 0.9); border-color: rgb(227, 221, 221) rgb(227, 221, 221) rgb(227, 221, 221) rgb(116, 124, 114); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 3px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: "Roboto Mono", Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: calc(var(--post-content-gaps) + .3em) auto; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 12px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-all;"><dprompt style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: inherit;">sudo nmcli networking off
<dprompt style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: inherit;">sudo nmcli networking on
</dprompt></dprompt></pre><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "Public Sans", system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: var(--post-content-gaps); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;"><br /></p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #0a0a0a; font-family: "Public Sans", system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: var(--post-content-gaps); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;">The above command will disable/enable the network connections on CentOS 8 or RHEL 8 Linux system.</p>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-58285120908104200262024-01-01T17:10:00.009+06:002024-01-03T17:43:09.997+06:00Set up OpenVPN Server In 5 Minutes on Centos8 Linux<p> <span face="roboto, sans-serif" style="color: #111111; font-size: 18px;">am a new Ubuntu Linux server user. How do I setup an OpenVPN Server on Ubuntu Linux version 18.04/20.04 LTS or 20.10 server to shield my browsing activity from bad guys on public Wi-Fi, and more?</span></p><p><span face="roboto, sans-serif" style="color: #111111; font-size: 18px;"><br /></span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuFPUIE2-TkSs30viaX7HL4dhS7gBBuslRBmFfCqCzjA7Z7gvinyuYYDfmZInqshWx6yseRXibiMtLG7dMF_yJ6GmVg05DdD7_zbx3X4tctAlqm5SRB9t7WU53PpbX0wP1DeU85znl93qwbYu1ccQUmYi1E8EnOXO5KrVxxltJh1U1QWYVwH03O-5r_nQe/s884/openvpn.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="258" data-original-width="884" height="93" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiuFPUIE2-TkSs30viaX7HL4dhS7gBBuslRBmFfCqCzjA7Z7gvinyuYYDfmZInqshWx6yseRXibiMtLG7dMF_yJ6GmVg05DdD7_zbx3X4tctAlqm5SRB9t7WU53PpbX0wP1DeU85znl93qwbYu1ccQUmYi1E8EnOXO5KrVxxltJh1U1QWYVwH03O-5r_nQe/s320/openvpn.png" width="320" /></a></div><br /><span face="roboto, sans-serif" style="color: #111111; font-size: 18px;">OpenVPN is a full-featured SSL VPN (virtual private network). It implements OSI layer 2 or 3 secure network extension using the SSL/TLS protocol. It is an open source software and distributed under the GNU GPL. A VPN allows you to connect securely to an insecure public network such as wifi network at the airport or hotel. VPN is also required to access your corporate or enterprise or home server resources. You can bypass geo-blocked site and increase your privacy or safety online. This tutorial provides step-by-step instructions for </span><strong style="color: #111111; font-family: roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">configuring an OpenVPN “road warrior” server on Ubuntu Linux 18.04/20.04 LTS (20.10) version including ufw/iptables firewall configuration</strong><span face="roboto, sans-serif" style="color: #111111; font-size: 18px;">. The steps are as follows:</span><p></p><ol style="color: #111111; font-family: roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 31px 31px; padding: 0px;"><li style="margin: 0px 0px 12px; padding: 0px;">Find and note down your public IP address</li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 12px; padding: 0px;">Download openvpn-install.sh script</li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 12px; padding: 0px;">Run openvpn-install.sh to install OpenVPN server</li></ol><div><h2 style="color: #111111; font-family: roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 29px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 47px; margin: 50px 0px 19px; padding: 0px;">Find your public IP address:</h2></div><div><span face="roboto, sans-serif" style="color: #111111; font-size: 18px;">Use </span><a href="https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/how-to-find-my-public-ip-address-from-command-line-on-a-linux/" style="color: #2692f0; font-family: roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">any one of the following command to find out your IPv4 public address</a><span face="roboto, sans-serif" style="color: #111111; font-size: 18px;">. If your internface name is eth0 or eth1, enter:</span><br style="color: #111111; font-family: roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; color: #111111; display: block; font-family: "roboto mono", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span class="normaluserprompt" style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: none;" title="The shell prompt usually ends in a $ sign and is not part of the command for the nonprivileged user.">$ </span>ip addr show eth0</code><br style="color: #111111; font-family: roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><span face="roboto, sans-serif" style="color: #111111; font-size: 18px;">OR</span><br style="color: #111111; font-family: roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; color: #111111; display: block; font-family: "roboto mono", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span class="normaluserprompt" style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: none;" title="The shell prompt usually ends in a $ sign and is not part of the command for the nonprivileged user.">$ </span>ip addr show eth1</code><br style="color: #111111; font-family: roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /></div><div><span face="roboto, sans-serif" style="color: #111111; font-size: 18px;">OR</span><br style="color: #111111; font-family: roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; color: #111111; display: block; font-family: "roboto mono", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span class="normaluserprompt" style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: none;" title="The shell prompt usually ends in a $ sign and is not part of the command for the nonprivileged user.">$ </span>ip a</code></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><div></div><blockquote><div>[root@radius ~]# ip a</div><div>1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000</div><div> link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00</div><div> inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo</div><div> valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever</div><div> inet6 ::1/128 scope host</div><div> valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever</div><div>2: enp5s0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000</div><div> link/ether 74:56:3c:37:b4:2c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff</div><div> inet 192.168.33.6/24 brd 192.168.33.255 scope global noprefixroute enp5s0</div><div> valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever</div><div> inet 59.152.XXX.XXX/29 brd 59.152.107.151 scope global noprefixroute enp5s0</div><div> valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever</div><div> inet 192.168.33.7/24 brd 192.168.33.255 scope global secondary noprefixroute enp5s0</div><div> valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever</div><div>3: tun0: <POINTOPOINT,MULTICAST,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UNKNOWN group default qlen 100</div><div> link/none</div><div> inet 10.8.0.1/24 brd 10.8.0.255 scope global tun0</div><div> valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever</div><div> inet6 fe80::334f:6f01:66fc:20b6/64 scope link stable-privacy</div><div> valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever</div><div>[root@radius ~]#</div></blockquote><div></div></div><div><br /></div><div><span face="roboto, sans-serif" style="color: #111111; font-size: 18px;">Note down the public IPv4 address</span><blockquote>59.152.XXX.XXX/29</blockquote></div><div><br /></div><div><h2 style="color: #111111; font-family: roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 29px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 47px; margin: 50px 0px 19px; padding: 0px;">Download openvpn-install.sh script to set up OpenVPN server in 5 minutes on Ubuntu</h2><p style="color: #111111; font-family: roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 31px; padding: 0px;">Type the following wget command or curl command:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: "roboto mono", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span class="normaluserprompt" style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: none;" title="The shell prompt usually ends in a $ sign and is not part of the command for the nonprivileged user.">$ </span>wget https://git.io/vpn -O openvpn-install.sh</code></p><p><span face="roboto, sans-serif" style="color: #111111; font-size: 18px;">wget grabbing the script:</span></p><blockquote></blockquote><blockquote><blockquote>[root@radius ~]# wget https://git.io/vpn -O openvpn-install.sh</blockquote><blockquote>--2024-01-03 06:04:21-- https://git.io/vpn</blockquote><blockquote>Resolving git.io (git.io)... 140.82.114.21</blockquote><blockquote>Connecting to git.io (git.io)|140.82.114.21|:443... connected.</blockquote><blockquote>HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently</blockquote><blockquote>Location: https://raw.github.com/Nyr/openvpn-install/master/openvpn-install.sh [following]</blockquote><blockquote>--2024-01-03 06:04:23-- https://raw.github.com/Nyr/openvpn-install/master/openvpn-install.sh</blockquote><blockquote>Resolving raw.github.com (raw.github.com)... 185.199.108.133, 185.199.110.133, 185.199.111.133, ...</blockquote><blockquote>Connecting to raw.github.com (raw.github.com)|185.199.108.133|:443... connected.</blockquote><blockquote>HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently</blockquote><blockquote>Location: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Nyr/openvpn-install/master/openvpn-install.sh [following]</blockquote><blockquote>--2024-01-03 06:04:23-- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Nyr/openvpn-install/master/openvpn-install.sh</blockquote><blockquote>Resolving raw.githubusercontent.com (raw.githubusercontent.com)... 185.199.110.133, 185.199.109.133, 185.199.111.133, ...</blockquote><blockquote>Connecting to raw.githubusercontent.com (raw.githubusercontent.com)|185.199.110.133|:443... connected.</blockquote><blockquote>HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK</blockquote><blockquote>Length: 23714 (23K) [text/plain]</blockquote><blockquote>Saving to: ‘openvpn-install.sh’</blockquote><blockquote>openvpn-install.sh 100%[========================================================================================================================================>] 23.16K --.-KB/s in 0.008s</blockquote><blockquote>2024-01-03 06:04:24 (2.69 MB/s) - ‘openvpn-install.sh’ saved [23714/23714]</blockquote><blockquote>[root@radius ~]#</blockquote><div></div></blockquote><div><p style="color: #111111; font-family: roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 31px; padding: 0px;">We can verify script using a text editor such as nano command or vim command:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: "roboto mono", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span class="normaluserprompt" style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: none;" title="The shell prompt usually ends in a $ sign and is not part of the command for the nonprivileged user.">$ </span>vi openvpn-install.sh</code></p><h2 style="color: #111111; font-family: roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 29px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 47px; margin: 50px 0px 19px; padding: 0px;">Running openvpn-install.sh to install OpenVPN server</h2><p style="color: #111111; font-family: roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 31px; padding: 0px;">Type the following command:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: "roboto mono", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span class="normaluserprompt" style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: none;" title="The shell prompt usually ends in a $ sign and is not part of the command for the nonprivileged user.">$ </span>sudo chmod +x openvpn-install.sh<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><span class="normaluserprompt" style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: none;" title="The shell prompt usually ends in a $ sign and is not part of the command for the nonprivileged user.">$ </span>sudo bash openvpn-install.sh</code><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Make sure you provide needed information:</p></div><p style="text-align: left;"><span face="roboto, sans-serif" style="color: #111111;"><span style="font-size: 18px;"></span></span></p><blockquote><p style="text-align: left;"></p><blockquote><p style="text-align: left;">[root@radius ~]# ./openvpn-install.sh</p><p>Welcome to this OpenVPN road warrior installer!</p><p><br /></p><p>Which IPv4 address should be used?</p><p> 1) 192.168.33.6</p><p> 2) 59.152.107.147</p><p> 3) 192.168.33.7</p><p>IPv4 address [1]: 2</p><p><br /></p><p>Which protocol should OpenVPN use?</p><p> 1) UDP (recommended)</p><p> 2) TCP</p><p>Protocol [1]: 1</p><p><br /></p><p>What port should OpenVPN listen to?</p><p>Port [1194]: 1194</p><p><br /></p><p>Select a DNS server for the clients:</p><p> 1) Current system resolvers</p><p> 2) Google</p><p> 3) 1.1.1.1</p><p> 4) OpenDNS</p><p> 5) Quad9</p><p> 6) AdGuard</p><p>DNS server [1]: 3</p><p><br /></p><p>Enter a name for the first client:</p><p>Name [client]: nextgen</p><p><br /></p><p>OpenVPN installation is ready to begin.</p><p>Press any key to continue...</p><div><div>Notice</div><div>------</div><div>'init-pki' complete; you may now create a CA or requests.</div><div><br /></div><div>Your newly created PKI dir is:</div><div>* /etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa/pki</div><div><br /></div><div>Using Easy-RSA configuration:</div><div>* undefined</div><div><br /></div><div>No Easy-RSA 'vars' configuration file exists!</div><div><br /></div><div>Using SSL:</div><div>* openssl OpenSSL 1.1.1k FIPS 25 Mar 2021</div><div>.................................+++++</div><div>..........+++++</div><div><br /></div><div>Notice</div><div>------</div><div>CA creation complete. Your new CA certificate is at:</div><div>* /etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa/pki/ca.crt</div><div><br /></div><div>No Easy-RSA 'vars' configuration file exists!</div><div><br /></div><div>Using SSL:</div><div>* openssl OpenSSL 1.1.1k FIPS 25 Mar 2021</div><div>Generating a RSA private key</div><div>.......................+++++</div><div>.....................................................................................................................+++++</div><div>writing new private key to '/etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa/pki/44ea2e7f/temp.1.1'</div><div>-----</div><div><br /></div><div>Notice</div><div>------</div><div>Private-Key and Public-Certificate-Request files created.</div><div>Your files are:</div><div>* req: /etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa/pki/reqs/server.req</div><div>* key: /etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa/pki/private/server.key</div><div><br /></div><div>Using configuration from /etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa/pki/openssl-easyrsa.cnf</div><div>Check that the request matches the signature</div><div>Signature ok</div><div>The Subject's Distinguished Name is as follows</div><div>commonName :ASN.1 12:'server'</div><div>Certificate is to be certified until Dec 31 11:06:09 2033 GMT (3650 days)</div><div><br /></div><div>Write out database with 1 new entries</div><div>Data Base Updated</div><div><br /></div><div>Notice</div><div>------</div><div>Certificate created at:</div><div>* /etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa/pki/issued/server.crt</div><div><br /></div><div>Notice</div><div>------</div><div>Inline file created:</div><div>* /etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa/pki/inline/server.inline</div><div><br /></div><div>No Easy-RSA 'vars' configuration file exists!</div><div><br /></div><div>Using SSL:</div><div>* openssl OpenSSL 1.1.1k FIPS 25 Mar 2021</div><div>Generating a RSA private key</div><div>..............................................................................................................+++++</div><div>.....................+++++</div><div>writing new private key to '/etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa/pki/7b06327f/temp.1.1'</div><div>-----</div><div><br /></div><div>Notice</div><div>------</div><div>Private-Key and Public-Certificate-Request files created.</div><div>Your files are:</div><div>* req: /etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa/pki/reqs/nextgen.req</div><div>* key: /etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa/pki/private/nextgen.key</div><div><br /></div><div>Using configuration from /etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa/pki/openssl-easyrsa.cnf</div><div>Check that the request matches the signature</div><div>Signature ok</div><div>The Subject's Distinguished Name is as follows</div><div>commonName :ASN.1 12:'nextgen'</div><div>Certificate is to be certified until Dec 31 11:06:10 2033 GMT (3650 days)</div><div><br /></div><div>Write out database with 1 new entries</div><div>Data Base Updated</div><div><br /></div><div>Notice</div><div>------</div><div>Certificate created at:</div><div>* /etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa/pki/issued/nextgen.crt</div><div><br /></div><div>Notice</div><div>------</div><div>Inline file created:</div><div>* /etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa/pki/inline/nextgen.inline</div><div><br /></div><div>No Easy-RSA 'vars' configuration file exists!</div><div><br /></div><div>Using SSL:</div><div>* openssl OpenSSL 1.1.1k FIPS 25 Mar 2021</div><div>Using configuration from /etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa/pki/openssl-easyrsa.cnf</div><div><br /></div><div>Notice</div><div>------</div><div>An updated CRL has been created:</div><div>* /etc/openvpn/server/easy-rsa/pki/crl.pem</div><div><br /></div><div>Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openvpn-iptables.service → /etc/systemd/system/openvpn-iptables.service.</div><div>Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openvpn-server@server.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/openvpn-server@.service.</div><div><br /></div><div>Finished!</div><div><br /></div><div>The client configuration is available in: /root/nextgen.ovpn</div><div>New clients can be added by running this script again.</div><div>[root@radius ~]#</div></div></blockquote><div><div></div></div><div><span face="roboto, sans-serif" style="color: #111111; font-size: 23px;"></span></div></blockquote><p> </p><p><span face="roboto, sans-serif" style="color: #111111; font-size: 23px;">Start/stop/restart OpenVPN server on Centos 8</span></p></div><div><br /></div><div><p style="color: #111111; font-family: roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 31px; padding: 0px;">Run the following systemctl command to stop the OpenVPN service:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: "roboto mono", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span class="normaluserprompt" style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: none;" title="The shell prompt usually ends in a $ sign and is not part of the command for the nonprivileged user.">$ </span>sudo systemctl stop openvpn-server@server.service</code><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Want to start it again? Try:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: "roboto mono", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span class="normaluserprompt" style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: none;" title="The shell prompt usually ends in a $ sign and is not part of the command for the nonprivileged user.">$ </span>sudo systemctl start openvpn-server@server.service</code><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />The command to restart the OpenVPN service:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: "roboto mono", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span class="normaluserprompt" style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: none;" title="The shell prompt usually ends in a $ sign and is not part of the command for the nonprivileged user.">$ </span>sudo systemctl restart openvpn-server@server.service</code><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />View status of your OpenVPN systemd based service:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: "roboto mono", sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span class="normaluserprompt" style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; user-select: none;" title="The shell prompt usually ends in a $ sign and is not part of the command for the nonprivileged user.">$ </span>sudo systemctl status openvpn-server@server.service</code></p><pre style="background-color: #eeeeee; margin-bottom: 31px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px; tab-size: 4;"><span face="roboto mono, sans-serif" style="color: #111111;">● openvpn-server@server.service - OpenVPN service for server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/openvpn-server@.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2024-01-03 06:06:10 EST; 25min ago
Docs: man:openvpn(8)
https://community.openvpn.net/openvpn/wiki/Openvpn24ManPage
https://community.openvpn.net/openvpn/wiki/HOWTO
Main PID: 16020 (openvpn)
Status: "Initialization Sequence Completed"
Tasks: 1 (limit: 47953)
Memory: 1.2M
CGroup: /system.slice/system-openvpn\x2dserver.slice/openvpn-server@server.service
└─16020 /usr/sbin/openvpn --status /run/openvpn-server/status-server.log --status-version 2 --suppress-timestamps --cipher AES-256-GCM --ncp-ciphers AES-256-GCM:AES-128-GCM:AES-256-CBC:AES-128-CBC:BF-CBC --config server.conf
Jan 03 06:07:55 radius.zoomonline.com.bd openvpn[16020]: 59.152.105.235:64346 WARNING: 'keysize' is used inconsistently, local='keysize 256', remote='keysize 128'
Jan 03 06:07:55 radius.zoomonline.com.bd openvpn[16020]: 59.152.105.235:64346 Control Channel: TLSv1.3, cipher TLSv1.3 TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384, 2048 bit RSA
Jan 03 06:07:55 radius.zoomonline.com.bd openvpn[16020]: 59.152.105.235:64346 [nextgen] Peer Connection Initiated with [AF_INET]59.152.105.235:64346
Jan 03 06:07:55 radius.zoomonline.com.bd openvpn[16020]: nextgen/59.152.105.235:64346 MULTI_sva: pool returned IPv4=10.8.0.2, IPv6=(Not enabled)
Jan 03 06:07:55 radius.zoomonline.com.bd openvpn[16020]: nextgen/59.152.105.235:64346 MULTI: Learn: 10.8.0.2 -> nextgen/59.152.105.235:64346
Jan 03 06:07:55 radius.zoomonline.com.bd openvpn[16020]: nextgen/59.152.105.235:64346 MULTI: primary virtual IP for nextgen/59.152.105.235:64346: 10.8.0.2
Jan 03 06:07:55 radius.zoomonline.com.bd openvpn[16020]: nextgen/59.152.105.235:64346 PUSH: Received control message: 'PUSH_REQUEST'
Jan 03 06:07:55 radius.zoomonline.com.bd openvpn[16020]: nextgen/59.152.105.235:64346 SENT CONTROL [nextgen]: 'PUSH_REPLY,redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp,dhcp-option DNS 1.1.1.1,dhcp-option DNS 1.0.0.1,block-outside-dns,route-gateway >
Jan 03 06:07:55 radius.zoomonline.com.bd openvpn[16020]: nextgen/59.152.105.235:64346 Outgoing Data Channel: Cipher 'AES-256-GCM' initialized with 256 bit key
Jan 03 06:07:55 radius.zoomonline.com.bd openvpn[16020]: nextgen/59.152.105.235:64346 Incoming Data Channel: Cipher 'AES-256-GCM' initialized with 256 bit key
</span></pre></div><div><h2 style="color: #111111; font-family: roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 29px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 47px; margin: 50px 0px 19px; padding: 0px;">Conclusion</h2><p style="color: #111111; font-family: roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 31px; padding: 0px;">And there you have it, OpenVPN server installed in five minutes to increase your privacy. Please see OpenVPN <a href="https://openvpn.net/" rel="noopener" style="color: #2692f0; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" target="_blank">project</a> and road warrior installer Linux <a href="https://github.com/Nyr/openvpn-install" rel="noopener" style="color: #2692f0; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" target="_blank">script</a>.</p></div>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-44602505041331448262023-12-20T01:23:00.004+06:002023-12-20T01:47:27.974+06:00Installing PHP Composer on CentOS 8 [Quick Way]<p> <span face="Roboto, ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji"" style="background-color: white; color: #1f2937; font-size: 18px;">Perform the following steps to quickly install Composer on your CentOS 8 system:</span></p><p><span face="Roboto, ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji"" style="background-color: white; color: #1f2937; font-size: 18px;"><br /></span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="356" data-original-width="290" height="143" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgirlD1bF6zsL8aQwFrBM33LyyluacSZUXZ7vA1KEdhXqA2vRKWvKem5OiHWBx9bss8Tvf9GW6Zac0yXZSBmSYaWK4q7EAr7nYWHzoqGCd2UMu4pT2GxYVdj30W23M2AinbAscK6GZTfWZ_zjCyLxW6AtI7yhvgdm4CB5zUwcZNHNJQ33NCd3O_vIj1SW3e/w117-h143/Composer.png" width="117" /></div></div><p></p><ol style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(59,130,246,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: white; border: 0px solid rgb(229, 231, 235); box-sizing: border-box; color: #1f2937; counter-reset: listCounter 0; font-family: Roboto, ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji"; font-size: 18px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 1rem; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px;"><li style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(59,130,246,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid rgb(229, 231, 235); box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: listCounter 1; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.5rem; min-width: 0px; padding-left: 1.75em; position: relative;"><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(59,130,246,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid rgb(229, 231, 235); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2rem 0px 1rem; min-width: 0px;">Install PHP CLI and Zip:</p><pre class="terminal" style="--tw-bg-opacity: 1; --tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(59,130,246,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: rgb(243 244 246/var(--tw-bg-opacity)); border: 0px solid rgb(229, 231, 235); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Roboto Mono", ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace; font-feature-settings: normal; font-size: 0.75rem; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 1rem; min-width: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 1rem; position: relative;"><code class="terminal-line" prefix="$" style="--tw-bg-opacity: 1; --tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(59,130,246,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: initial; border: 0px solid rgb(229, 231, 235); box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-family: "Roboto Mono", ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace; font-feature-settings: normal; font-size: 1rem; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: 1.5rem; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;">$ sudo dnf install php-cli php-json php-zip curl unzip<span style="color: white; font-family: inherit; font-size: 0.75rem; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.05em;">Copy</span></code></pre></li><li style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(59,130,246,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid rgb(229, 231, 235); box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: listCounter 1; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.5rem; min-width: 0px; padding-left: 1.75em; position: relative;"><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(59,130,246,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid rgb(229, 231, 235); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2rem 0px 1rem; min-width: 0px;">Download Composer with curl:</p><pre class="terminal" style="--tw-bg-opacity: 1; --tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(59,130,246,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: rgb(243 244 246/var(--tw-bg-opacity)); border: 0px solid rgb(229, 231, 235); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Roboto Mono", ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace; font-feature-settings: normal; font-size: 0.75rem; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 1rem; min-width: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 1rem; position: relative;"><code class="terminal-line" prefix="$" style="--tw-bg-opacity: 1; --tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(59,130,246,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: initial; border: 0px solid rgb(229, 231, 235); box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-family: "Roboto Mono", ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace; font-feature-settings: normal; font-size: 1rem; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: 1.5rem; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;">$ curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer |php</code><button class="code-copy button main small" style="--tw-bg-opacity: 1; --tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(59,130,246,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; appearance: button; background-image: none; border-color: rgb(229, 231, 235); border-radius: 0.25rem; border-style: solid; border-width: 0px; color: white; cursor: pointer; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-size: 0.75rem; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; letter-spacing: 0.05em; line-height: 1rem; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; right: 0.5rem; top: 0.5rem; transition: opacity 0.5s ease 0s;" type="button">Copy</button></pre></li><li style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(59,130,246,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid rgb(229, 231, 235); box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: listCounter 1; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0.5rem; min-width: 0px; padding-left: 1.75em; position: relative;"><p style="--tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(59,130,246,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; border: 0px solid rgb(229, 231, 235); box-sizing: border-box; margin: 2rem 0px 1rem; min-width: 0px;">Move the Composer file to <code style="--tw-bg-opacity: 1; --tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(59,130,246,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: rgb(243 244 246/var(--tw-bg-opacity)); border: 0px solid rgb(229, 231, 235); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Roboto Mono", ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace; font-feature-settings: normal; font-size: 1rem; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: 1.5rem; min-width: 0px; padding: 0.25rem; word-break: break-word;">/usr/local/bin</code> directory:</p><pre class="terminal" style="--tw-bg-opacity: 1; --tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(59,130,246,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: rgb(243 244 246/var(--tw-bg-opacity)); border: 0px solid rgb(229, 231, 235); box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Roboto Mono", ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace; font-feature-settings: normal; font-size: 0.75rem; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 1rem; min-width: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 1rem; position: relative;"><code class="terminal-line" prefix="$" style="--tw-bg-opacity: 1; --tw-border-spacing-x: 0; --tw-border-spacing-y: 0; --tw-ring-color: rgba(59,130,246,.5); --tw-ring-offset-color: #fff; --tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-ring-offset-width: 0px; --tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-rotate: 0; --tw-scale-x: 1; --tw-scale-y: 1; --tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity; --tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000; --tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000; --tw-skew-x: 0; --tw-skew-y: 0; --tw-translate-x: 0; --tw-translate-y: 0; background-color: initial; border: 0px solid rgb(229, 231, 235); box-sizing: border-box; display: block; font-family: "Roboto Mono", ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace; font-feature-settings: normal; font-size: 1rem; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: 1.5rem; min-width: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;">$ sudo mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer</code></pre></li></ol>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-40898555974847895172023-11-09T19:42:00.000+06:002023-11-09T19:46:32.066+06:00WAY TO VIEW WIREGUARD LOGS<p> </p><h2 id="iptables" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #363636; font-family: Forum, sans-serif; font-size: 1.75em; line-height: 1.125; margin: 0px 0px 0.5714em; padding: 0px; text-transform: uppercase;">IPTABLES</h2><div class="sectionbody" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #4a4a4a; font-family: "Proza Libre", sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><div class="paragraph" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px;"><p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Similar to tcpdump, the <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">LOG</code> target of <a href="https://www.netfilter.org/projects/iptables/index.html" style="box-sizing: inherit; color: #00a6fb; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none;">iptables</a> allows you to log each packet that’s sent to and from WireGuard. Most Linux systems use iptables, or its newer sibling nftables, to define their firewall.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjciDNjBbV0lpR7m0CZevxYXFkY-lHduLjwy_VYQONVP_Ok41lLDAUfNPiIGYk8nk5SvjWa5yr9RHmFsEzcFSPz_uhYpK2YMZ3zPh78a4sw8TgkQxlgsnyt2isx5g4-bm2FDVS0BiVt3Q1_c94Ym-7UMa_jUAV-17ZeLa2vVBJL-swusfKVtudmVBV_l6Eb/s532/download.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="95" data-original-width="532" height="57" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjciDNjBbV0lpR7m0CZevxYXFkY-lHduLjwy_VYQONVP_Ok41lLDAUfNPiIGYk8nk5SvjWa5yr9RHmFsEzcFSPz_uhYpK2YMZ3zPh78a4sw8TgkQxlgsnyt2isx5g4-bm2FDVS0BiVt3Q1_c94Ym-7UMa_jUAV-17ZeLa2vVBJL-swusfKVtudmVBV_l6Eb/s320/download.png" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></p></div><div class="paragraph" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px;"><p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">If you’re using iptables, you can run the following commands to add iptables rules that will log the header info of IPv4 packets carrying WireGuard encrypted content (where <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">51820</code> is the <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">ListenPort</code> in your WireGuard config):</p></div><div class="listingblock" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px;"><div class="content" style="box-sizing: inherit;"><pre class="highlight" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.875em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 1.25em 1.5em;"><code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: inherit; color: currentcolor; font-size: 1em; padding: 0px;"># iptables -I INPUT -p udp --dport 51820 -j LOG --log-prefix 'wireguard iptables: ' --log-level 7
# iptables -I OUTPUT -p udp --sport 51820 -j LOG --log-prefix 'wireguard iptables: ' --log-level 7</code></pre></div></div><div class="paragraph" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px;"><p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">If you’re using IPv6 networking, replace <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">iptables</code> with <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">ip6tables</code>; or if you’re using both IPv4 and IPv6, run both variants.</p></div><div class="paragraph" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px;"><p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Once you do that, you’ll be able to see WireGuard packets logged to the kernel message buffer. If your system is set up with rsyslogd, journald, or a similar logging daemon, you can use it to see this logging. With rsyslogd, check the <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">/var/log/kern.log</code> or <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">/var/log/messages</code> file. With journald, run <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">journalctl -ek</code>.</p></div><div class="paragraph" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px;"><p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">To capture this logging to its own file, you can “tail” these messages via the <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">dmesg</code> command’s <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">-w</code> (follow) flag:</p></div><div class="listingblock" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px;"><div class="content" style="box-sizing: inherit;"><pre class="highlight" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.875em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 1.25em 1.5em;"><code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: inherit; color: currentcolor; font-size: 1em; padding: 0px;"># touch /var/log/wireguard-iptables.log
# dmesg -wT | grep 'wireguard iptables:' >> /var/log/wireguard-iptables.log</code></pre></div></div><div class="paragraph" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px;"><p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">This will allow you to track the remote IP addresses that are connecting to your local WireGuard interface. A WireGuard handshake and short encrypted HTTP request and response will look like this:</p></div><div class="listingblock" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px;"><div class="content" style="box-sizing: inherit;"><pre class="highlight" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.875em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 1.25em 1.5em;"><code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: inherit; color: currentcolor; font-size: 1em; padding: 0px;">[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] wireguard iptables: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=06:24:d3:09:8d:9b:06:01:1a:2a:77:f7:08:00 SRC=203.0.113.2 DST=198.51.100.1 LEN=176 TOS=0x08 PREC=0x80 TTL=64 ID=39062 PROTO=UDP SPT=51820 DPT=51820 LEN=156
[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] wireguard iptables: IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=198.51.100.1 DST=203.0.113.2 LEN=120 TOS=0x08 PREC=0x80 TTL=64 ID=48534 PROTO=UDP SPT=51820 DPT=51820 LEN=100
[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] wireguard iptables: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=06:24:d3:09:8d:9b:06:01:1a:2a:77:f7:08:00 SRC=203.0.113.2 DST=198.51.100.1 LEN=124 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=39063 PROTO=UDP SPT=51820 DPT=51820 LEN=104
[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] wireguard iptables: IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=198.51.100.1 DST=203.0.113.2 LEN=124 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=48535 PROTO=UDP SPT=51820 DPT=51820 LEN=104
[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] wireguard iptables: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=06:24:d3:09:8d:9b:06:01:1a:2a:77:f7:08:00 SRC=203.0.113.2 DST=198.51.100.1 LEN=124 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=39064 PROTO=UDP SPT=51820 DPT=51820 LEN=104
[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] wireguard iptables: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=06:24:d3:09:8d:9b:06:01:1a:2a:77:f7:08:00 SRC=203.0.113.2 DST=198.51.100.1 LEN=204 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=39065 PROTO=UDP SPT=51820 DPT=51820 LEN=184
[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] wireguard iptables: IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=198.51.100.1 DST=203.0.113.2 LEN=124 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=48536 PROTO=UDP SPT=51820 DPT=51820 LEN=104
[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] wireguard iptables: IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=198.51.100.1 DST=203.0.113.2 LEN=268 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=48537 PROTO=UDP SPT=51820 DPT=51820 LEN=248
[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] wireguard iptables: IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=198.51.100.1 DST=203.0.113.2 LEN=412 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=48538 PROTO=UDP SPT=51820 DPT=51820 LEN=392
[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] wireguard iptables: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=06:24:d3:09:8d:9b:06:01:1a:2a:77:f7:08:00 SRC=203.0.113.2 DST=198.51.100.1 LEN=124 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=39066 PROTO=UDP SPT=51820 DPT=51820 LEN=104
[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] wireguard iptables: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=06:24:d3:09:8d:9b:06:01:1a:2a:77:f7:08:00 SRC=203.0.113.2 DST=198.51.100.1 LEN=124 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=39067 PROTO=UDP SPT=51820 DPT=51820 LEN=104
[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] wireguard iptables: IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=198.51.100.1 DST=203.0.113.2 LEN=124 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=48539 PROTO=UDP SPT=51820 DPT=51820 LEN=104
[Sat Mar 6 20:45:25 2021] wireguard iptables: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=06:24:d3:09:8d:9b:06:01:1a:2a:77:f7:08:00 SRC=203.0.113.2 DST=198.51.100.1 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=39108 PROTO=UDP SPT=51820 DPT=51820 LEN=40</code></pre></div></div><div class="paragraph" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px;"><p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">In the above output, <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">198.51.100.1</code> is the IP address of the ethernet interface on the local host, and <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">203.0.113.2</code> is the IP address of the remote WireGuard endpoint (the remote endpoint is also listening on port <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">51820</code>, but the above iptables rules would capture similar output even if the remote endpoint was on some other port).</p></div><div class="paragraph" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px;"><p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">You can also use iptables to log the packets that are sent inside the WireGuard tunnel. Run the following commands to log packet headers sent through the tunnel to and from the system itself (where <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">wg0</code> is the name of your WireGuard interface):</p></div><div class="listingblock" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px;"><div class="content" style="box-sizing: inherit;"><pre class="highlight" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.875em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 1.25em 1.5em;"><code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: inherit; color: currentcolor; font-size: 1em; padding: 0px;"># iptables -I INPUT -i wg0 -j LOG --log-prefix 'tunnel wireguard iptables: ' --log-level 7
# iptables -I OUTPUT -o wg0 -j LOG --log-prefix 'tunnel wireguard iptables: ' --log-level 7</code></pre></div></div><div class="paragraph" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px;"><p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">And run the following commands to log packer headers sent through the tunnel to and from other hosts (if the system is operating as a router for other hosts on its network):</p></div><div class="listingblock" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px;"><div class="content" style="box-sizing: inherit;"><pre class="highlight" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.875em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 1.25em 1.5em;"><code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: inherit; color: currentcolor; font-size: 1em; padding: 0px;"># iptables -I FORWARD -i wg0 -j LOG --log-prefix 'tunnel wireguard iptables: ' --log-level 7
# iptables -I FORWARD -o wg0 -j LOG --log-prefix 'tunnel wireguard iptables: ' --log-level 7</code></pre></div></div><div class="paragraph" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px;"><p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">This will allow you to track exactly what is being sent through your WireGuard virtual private network. The short HTTP request and response from above will look like this when logging the packets within the tunnel:</p></div><div class="listingblock" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px;"><div class="content" style="box-sizing: inherit;"><pre class="highlight" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.875em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 1.25em 1.5em;"><code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: inherit; color: currentcolor; font-size: 1em; padding: 0px;">[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] tunnel wireguard iptables: IN=wg0 OUT= MAC= SRC=10.0.0.2 DST=10.0.0.1 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=25937 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=34770 DPT=8080 WINDOW=62167 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0
[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] tunnel wireguard iptables: IN= OUT=wg0 SRC=10.0.0.1 DST=10.0.0.2 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=0 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=8080 DPT=34770 WINDOW=62083 RES=0x00 ACK SYN URGP=0
[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] tunnel wireguard iptables: IN=wg0 OUT= MAC= SRC=10.0.0.2 DST=10.0.0.1 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=25938 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=34770 DPT=8080 WINDOW=972 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0
[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] tunnel wireguard iptables: IN=wg0 OUT= MAC= SRC=10.0.0.2 DST=10.0.0.1 LEN=129 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=25939 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=34770 DPT=8080 WINDOW=972 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0
[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] tunnel wireguard iptables: IN= OUT=wg0 SRC=10.0.0.1 DST=10.0.0.2 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=2583 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=8080 DPT=34770 WINDOW=969 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0
[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] tunnel wireguard iptables: IN= OUT=wg0 SRC=10.0.0.1 DST=10.0.0.2 LEN=206 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=2584 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=8080 DPT=34770 WINDOW=969 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0
[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] tunnel wireguard iptables: IN= OUT=wg0 SRC=10.0.0.1 DST=10.0.0.2 LEN=349 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=2585 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=8080 DPT=34770 WINDOW=969 RES=0x00 ACK PSH FIN URGP=0
[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] tunnel wireguard iptables: IN=wg0 OUT= MAC= SRC=10.0.0.2 DST=10.0.0.1 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=25940 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=34770 DPT=8080 WINDOW=970 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0
[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] tunnel wireguard iptables: IN=wg0 OUT= MAC= SRC=10.0.0.2 DST=10.0.0.1 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=25941 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=34770 DPT=8080 WINDOW=966 RES=0x00 ACK FIN URGP=0
[Sat Mar 6 20:45:15 2021] tunnel wireguard iptables: IN= OUT=wg0 SRC=10.0.0.1 DST=10.0.0.2 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=64 ID=2586 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=8080 DPT=34770 WINDOW=969 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0</code></pre></div></div><div class="paragraph" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px;"><p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">In the above output, the IP address of local WireGuard interface is <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">10.0.0.1</code>, and the IP address of the remote WireGuard peer is <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">10.0.0.2</code>. An HTTP server is running on port <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">8080</code> of the local host, which the remote host is connecting to through the WireGuard tunnel (using the ephemeral TCP port <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">34770</code> inside the tunnel).</p></div><div class="paragraph" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px;"><p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">You can use the iptables logging on UDP port <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">51820</code> (the first example) to keep track of the external IP addresses that are connecting to your WireGuard network; and the iptables logging on the <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">wg0</code> interface (the last example) to track which peers are using your network (and what they’re accessing inside the network).</p></div><div class="paragraph" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px;"><p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">You can remove iptables rules by running the same command you used to add them, except replacing the <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">-I</code> flag (or the <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">-A</code> flag for appended rules) with the <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">-D</code> flag. For example, you can remove the last two rules added above by running the following commands:</p></div><div class="listingblock" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px;"><div class="content" style="box-sizing: inherit;"><pre class="highlight" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.875em; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 1.25em 1.5em;"><code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); box-sizing: inherit; color: currentcolor; font-size: 1em; padding: 0px;"># iptables -D FORWARD -i wg0 -j LOG --log-prefix 'tunnel wireguard iptables: ' --log-level 7
# iptables -D FORWARD -o wg0 -j LOG --log-prefix 'tunnel wireguard iptables: ' --log-level 7</code></pre></div></div><div class="paragraph" style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 1rem 0px 0px;"><p style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">To check for active rules that you may want to remove, run <code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">iptables-save</code> (<code style="-webkit-font-smoothing: auto; background-color: whitesmoke; box-sizing: inherit; color: #70877f; font-size: 0.875em; padding: 0.25em 0.5em;">iptables-save</code> doesn’t actually save anything, it just dumps all active rules in a format that can be saved and restored).</p></div></div>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-78199061492994961242023-11-09T19:41:00.002+06:002023-11-09T19:45:35.117+06:00Automatically Backup Your Files to a Remote Server with Rsync<p></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ever
worry about losing your data, or get tired of performing manual backups daily
or weekly? Use the </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">rsync</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> command and automatically sync your
local files to a remote server as often as desired with no manual intervention.
Please note, this guide does require access to a remote Linux server (eg. AWS),
and is written under Ubuntu 20.04 although any Linux distro should work fine.</span><span style="font-family: "inherit", "serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcAbUgXhsfb_ygSJaZ6Qrv2JbLPiQ9-7j53nQx8jmFxY13qTogdMTyePgD_qMSvdimM2AwfblykRMOp4QYwZ8EMFhDz4_SqJi5Nw1gDmkQrzMOSQciNvpWyw8_5uvy5xgNvq94j7-5TlEbp0GQT-xwcjye7UGzafttk-lfd1TsFWlak07YnMM0KgX4cN7B/s538/rsync.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="215" data-original-width="538" height="128" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcAbUgXhsfb_ygSJaZ6Qrv2JbLPiQ9-7j53nQx8jmFxY13qTogdMTyePgD_qMSvdimM2AwfblykRMOp4QYwZ8EMFhDz4_SqJi5Nw1gDmkQrzMOSQciNvpWyw8_5uvy5xgNvq94j7-5TlEbp0GQT-xwcjye7UGzafttk-lfd1TsFWlak07YnMM0KgX4cN7B/s320/rsync.png" width="320" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: "inherit", "serif"; font-size: 13.5pt;"><br /></span><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-line-height-alt: 12.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2;"><b><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Install rsync</span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-line-height-alt: 12.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2;"><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt;">Before
anything, check whether or not rsync is installed. On both your local
PC and web server run this command:</span></p>
<div style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: 1pt solid rgb(224, 224, 224); mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">rsync --version</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If
you get the current rsync version in return, then you're all set for the next
section. Otherwise, if you receive a command not found error, you may
install rsync with this command:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: 1pt solid rgb(224, 224, 224); mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">sudo apt-get -y install rsync</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-line-height-alt: 12.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2;"><b><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Generate SSH Key</span><span style="font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">We
will use a <a href="https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/beginners-guide-setting-ssh-linux-testing-setup/"><span style="color: #333333; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">SSH key</span></a> to
authenticate the connection between our local PC and the remote server. To
generate a new SSH key on your local PC within the terminal run the command:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: 1pt solid rgb(224, 224, 224); mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -f ~/.ssh/rsync.key</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">When
prompted for a password, leave it blank and hit the Enter key twice. This will
generate two new files within your ~/.ssh/ directory named rsync.key which
is the private key, and rsync.key.pub, the public key.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-line-height-alt: 12.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2;"><b><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Setup Remote Server</span><span style="font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Although
not required, for this guide we will create a <a href="https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/ubuntu-linux-add-user-to-group/"><span style="color: #333333; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">new user</span></a> on
the remote server for rsync connections and to store all backup files. Login to
the remote server via SSH and run this command:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: 1pt solid rgb(224, 224, 224); mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">sudo useradd -m rsync</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
above example uses the username rsync, but you may change it to anything
you wish. The -m option simply tells Linux to create a home directory
for our new user.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">To
allow your local PC to authenticate, the public SSH key that was generated in
the previous section needs to be copied over to the remote server. Open
the /~.ssh/rsync.key.pub file in a <a href="https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/linux-text-editor-alternatives/"><span style="color: #333333; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">text editor</span></a> and
you will see one large line that looks something like.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: 1pt solid rgb(224, 224, 224); mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ssh-rsa
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
user@host</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This
long line is the public SSH key. Copy it to your clipboard, and within your
remote server run these commands:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: 1pt solid rgb(224, 224, 224); mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">sudo su rsync</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">mkdir -m 0700 </span><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #bc6060; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">$HOME</span><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">/.ssh</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #397300; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">echo</span><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #880000; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">"ssh-rsa AAAAB... user@host"</span><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> > </span><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #bc6060; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">$HOME</span><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">/.ssh/authorized_keys</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">chmod 0644 </span><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #bc6060; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">$HOME</span><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">/.ssh/authorized_keys</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In
the second last command, replace the text between the quotation marks with that
long public SSH key line. That's it, your local PC will now be able to
authenticate with your remote server.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-line-height-alt: 12.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2;"><b><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Configure ssh config File</span><span style="font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: 20.4pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">For
sake of simplicity, add an entry to the ~/.ssh/config file on your
local PC to easily</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 21.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">connect to the remote server. Open the file on
your local PC with the command.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: 1pt solid rgb(224, 224, 224); mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">nano </span><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #bc6060; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">$HOME</span><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">/.ssh/config</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Within
the file add an entry for the remote server such as:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: 1pt solid rgb(224, 224, 224); mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">host backup_server<br />
hostname 192.168.0.24<br />
user rsync<br />
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/rsync.key</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Change
the hostname to the IP address of your remote server, and if you used a
username other than "rsync" change that as well. You may use anything
you wish for the host, but for this example, "backup_server" was
used. Save and close the file by pressing Ctrl+X followed by the "Y"
and Enter keys.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Test
your SSH connection to the remote server with the command.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: 1pt solid rgb(224, 224, 224); mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ssh backup_server</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Assuming
everything is set up correctly, you should now be logged into your remote
server via SSH. Close the connection with the command.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: 1pt solid rgb(224, 224, 224); mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #397300; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">exit</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-line-height-alt: 12.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2;"><b><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Sync Your Files</span><span style="font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Now
test the rsync functionality, and for example, to sync your Documents
directory on your local PC run the command:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: 1pt solid rgb(224, 224, 224); mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">rsync -avz --progress ~/Documents/
backup_server:~/Documents</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
first occurrence of ~/Documents/ specifies the local file or
directory to sync, backup_server corresponds with the entry added to
the ~/.ssh/config file, and the ending :~/Documents simply
specifies to upload everything into the /Documents directory of the</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 21.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">remote server relative to the home directory.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Log
in to the remote server, and you should see a new Documents directory that is
in sync with that of your local PC. Each time you run the</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 21.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">above command, only files that have been modified since the last
time will be uploaded, so you're not constantly uploading the entire contents
of the directory.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-line-height-alt: 12.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2;"><b><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Automate via Crontab</span><span style="font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Now
that everything is tested and working properly, we can easily automate the
entire process by adding a crontab job to our local PC. To automatically sync
your local folder to the remote server every 15 minutes, within the terminal
run the command.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: 1pt solid rgb(224, 224, 224); mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">(crontab -l; </span><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #397300; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">echo</span><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #880000; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">"*/15 * * * * rsync -avz --progress
~/Documents/ backup_server:~/Documents > /dev/null 2>&1"</span><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">;) | crontab</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You
may get a "no crontab for user" message, and you can just ignore it.
Change the Documents directory to whatever you wish to backup, but
ensure to leave a trailing slash for directories otherwise they will not
properly backup.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Check
to ensure the crontab job was successfully added with the command.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: 1pt solid rgb(224, 224, 224); mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">crontab -l</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If
you see the crontab job that was just added, then everything is in place. Wait
15 minutes, check your remote server, and all necessary files should be there.
Starting from now, all changes made to your files will be automatically
uploaded to the remote server every 15 minutes.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-line-height-alt: 12.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2;"><b><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Download from Remote Server</span><span style="font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You
may also use rsync to download files from the remote server and sync
them to your local PC. Using the above /Documents directory example, within the
terminal run the command:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: 1pt solid rgb(224, 224, 224); mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">rsync -chavzP backup_server:~/Documents/ ~/Documents</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The ~./Documents directory
on your local PC should now be a mirror image of the remote server.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-line-height-alt: 12.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2;"><b><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Include and Exclude Patterns</span><span style="font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If
you ever need to sync only files that match a certain pattern, such as end
with .html you can use the --include pattern. Within
terminal run the command.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: 1pt solid rgb(224, 224, 224); mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">rsync -avz --include </span><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #880000; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">"*.html"</span><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> --progress ~/mysite/ backup_server:~/public_html</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Check
the remote server, and you will see only files with a .html extension from the
local /mysite/ directory have been uploaded into the /public_html/ remote
directory. Similarly, you can also sync everything except certain files with
the --exclude option. For example, the following command will sync
all files except those with a .txt extension.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: 1pt solid rgb(224, 224, 224); mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">rsync -avz --exclude </span><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #880000; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">"*.txt"</span><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> --progress ~/mysite/ backup_server:~/public_html</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-line-height-alt: 12.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2;"><b><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Sync Two Local Directories</span><span style="font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">If
ever needed, you may also sync two local directories with the command.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: 1pt solid rgb(224, 224, 224); mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); border: none; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-border-alt: solid #E0E0E0 .75pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 0in 0in; padding: 0in; tab-stops: 45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;"><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">rsync -zvr ~/</span><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #397300; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">source</span><span style="background: rgb(232, 232, 232); color: #444444; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 11.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">/directory ~/destination/directory</span><span style="color: black; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">This
command works exactly the same as when syncing to a remote server, the only
difference being its two local directories.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; mso-line-height-alt: 12.0pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-outline-level: 2;"><b><span face="Arial, "sans-serif"" style="color: #333333;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Rest Easy</span><span style="font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;"><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">You
can now breathe a sigh of relief knowing your chances of data loss are now
substantially lower. In this article, you have learned what rsync is,
how to generate and install an SSH key, define a server within the ~./.ssh/config file,
sync a local and remote directory, and automate the entire process via crontab.
Going forward, all</span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 21.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span face=""Arial","sans-serif"" style="color: #333333; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">necessary files will always be synced with
your remote server with only a 15-minute delay.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p><br /><p></p>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-44388323971648265752023-09-30T17:13:00.004+06:002023-11-09T19:48:42.321+06:00How to install PHP 8 on CentOS 8 Linux<p> <span face="sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #595959; font-size: 17px;">This tutorial will explain how to install PHP 8 on</span><span face="sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #595959; font-size: 17px;"> </span>CentOS 8 Linux<span face="sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #595959; font-size: 17px;"> </span><span face="sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #595959; font-size: 17px;">and its dependent packages.</span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-KIY6ctohzyILjOvis5L2zIuy_MbJu2lf-96zcBKSfPJK2PsyCqB-DmY83tcADLTfB1SYGX4eB4tbF-at1jCH4Y1Fey00rN3JjYIET4RBm9Y_XKANOnLtSiCBC5-xLBMKy7QJf46O4ugsskpcnXLqNE0COC_ebm8-NaoJri9cHx88vRRqmMS7xVGO-Rsf/s2000/php8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1021" data-original-width="2000" height="163" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-KIY6ctohzyILjOvis5L2zIuy_MbJu2lf-96zcBKSfPJK2PsyCqB-DmY83tcADLTfB1SYGX4eB4tbF-at1jCH4Y1Fey00rN3JjYIET4RBm9Y_XKANOnLtSiCBC5-xLBMKy7QJf46O4ugsskpcnXLqNE0COC_ebm8-NaoJri9cHx88vRRqmMS7xVGO-Rsf/s320/php8.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br /><span face="sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #595959; font-size: 17px;"><br /></span><p></p><h3 id="step-1-enableremi-release-8-rpm" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px 0px 22px; padding-top: 22px;">Step 1: Enable<code style="background-color: #f7f7f7; border-radius: 3px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace; font-size: 19px; padding: 2px 4px;">remi-release-8.rpm</code></h3><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #595959; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 22px;">Configure the <a href="https://rpms.remirepo.net/" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="background-color: transparent; box-sizing: border-box; color: blue;" target="_blank">Remi repository</a> for installing PHP 8 on CentOS 8</p><pre style="background: rgb(245, 245, 245); border-radius: 3px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace; font-size: 16.15px; line-height: 1.4; margin-bottom: 22px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow-x: auto; padding: 25px;"># dnf install https://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-8.rpm</pre><h3 id="step-2-enable-epel-repository" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px 0px 22px; padding-top: 22px;">Step 2: Enable EPEL repository</h3><pre style="background: rgb(245, 245, 245); border-radius: 3px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace; font-size: 16.15px; line-height: 1.4; margin-bottom: 22px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow-x: auto; padding: 25px;"># dnf install epel-release</pre><h3 id="step-3-find-the-current-enabled-version-of-php" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px 0px 22px; padding-top: 22px;">Step 3: Find the current enabled version of PHP</h3><pre style="background: rgb(245, 245, 245); border-radius: 3px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace; font-size: 16.15px; line-height: 1.4; margin-bottom: 22px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow-x: auto; padding: 25px;"># dnf module list php
CentOS Stream 8 - AppStream
Name Stream Profiles Summary
php<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"> 7.2 [d]</span> common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php 7.3 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php 7.4 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php 8.0 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
Remi's Modular repository for Enterprise Linux 8 - x86_64
Name Stream Profiles Summary
php remi-7.2 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php remi-7.3 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php remi-7.4 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php remi-8.0 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php remi-8.1 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
Hint: [d]efault, [e]nabled, [x]disabled, [i]nstalled</pre><h3 id="step-4-enable-the-module-php8-1-from-remi" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px 0px 22px; padding-top: 22px;">Step 4: Enable the module PHP8.1 from remi</h3><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #595959; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 22px;">From the above output, by default <code style="background-color: #f7f7f7; border-radius: 3px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace; font-size: 16.15px; padding: 2px 4px;">PHP 7.2</code> from the <code style="background-color: #f7f7f7; border-radius: 3px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace; font-size: 16.15px; padding: 2px 4px;">AppStream </code>repo shall be installed and no other version is enabled. To install <code style="background-color: #f7f7f7; border-radius: 3px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace; font-size: 16.15px; padding: 2px 4px;">PHP 8.1</code> from the <code style="background-color: #f7f7f7; border-radius: 3px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace; font-size: 16.15px; padding: 2px 4px;">remi </code>repo, enable it before installation.</p><pre style="background: rgb(245, 245, 245); border-radius: 3px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace; font-size: 16.15px; line-height: 1.4; margin-bottom: 22px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow-x: auto; padding: 25px;"># dnf module enable php:remi-8.1</pre><pre style="background: rgb(245, 245, 245); border-radius: 3px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace; font-size: 16.15px; line-height: 1.4; margin-bottom: 22px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow-x: auto; padding: 25px;"># dnf module list php
CentOS Stream 8 - AppStream
Name Stream Profiles Summary
php 7.2 [d] common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php 7.3 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php 7.4 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php 8.0 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
Remi's Modular repository for Enterprise Linux 8 - x86_64
Name Stream Profiles Summary
php remi-7.2 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php remi-7.3 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php remi-7.4 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php remi-8.0 common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language
php <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">remi-8.1</span> <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">[e]</span> common [d], devel, minimal PHP scripting language</pre><div class="hts-messages hts-messages--info hts-messages--withtitle hts-messages--withicon" style="background-color: #f3f8fb; background-image: url("https://techglimpse.com/wp-content/themes/tech_theme_p/css/../img/info-circle.svg"); background-position: 20px 22px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: 18px; border-radius: 5px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #595959; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.3px; margin: 0px 0px 22px; padding: 20px 25px 20px 50px; position: relative;"><span class="hts-messages__title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #3ea9f5; display: block; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px;">Switch to the other version?</span><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 10px 0px 0px;">In case, if you need to install any other version, you can reset the current module enabled and set the new using the below commands:</p></div><pre style="background: rgb(245, 245, 245); border-radius: 3px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace; font-size: 16.15px; line-height: 1.4; margin-bottom: 22px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow-x: auto; padding: 25px;"># dnf module reset php
# dnf module enable php:remi-8.0</pre><h3 id="step-5-install-php-8-on-centos-8" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px 0px 22px; padding-top: 22px;">Step 5: Install PHP 8 on CentOS 8</h3><pre style="background: rgb(245, 245, 245); border-radius: 3px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace; font-size: 16.15px; line-height: 1.4; margin-bottom: 22px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow-x: auto; padding: 25px;"># dnf install php
Last metadata expiration check: 0:13:44 ago on Wed 16 Feb 2022 11:53:53 AM IST.
Dependencies resolved.
=============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
=============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
php x86_64 8.1.2-1.el8.remi remi-modular 1.7 M
Installing dependencies:
apr x86_64 1.6.3-12.el8 appstream 129 k
apr-util x86_64 1.6.1-6.el8 appstream 105 k
centos-logos-httpd noarch 85.8-2.el8 baseos 75 k
httpd x86_64 2.4.37-43.module_el8.5.0+1022+b541f3b1 appstream 1.4 M
httpd-filesystem noarch 2.4.37-43.module_el8.5.0+1022+b541f3b1 appstream 39 k
httpd-tools x86_64 2.4.37-43.module_el8.5.0+1022+b541f3b1 appstream 107 k
libsodium x86_64 1.0.18-2.el8 epel 162 k
libxslt x86_64 1.1.32-6.el8 baseos 250 k
mailcap noarch 2.1.48-3.el8 baseos 39 k
mod_http2 x86_64 1.15.7-3.module_el8.4.0+778+c970deab appstream 154 k
oniguruma5php x86_64 6.9.7.1-1.el8.remi remi-safe 210 k
php-common x86_64 8.1.2-1.el8.remi remi-modular 1.2 M
Installing weak dependencies:
apr-util-bdb x86_64 1.6.1-6.el8 appstream 25 k
apr-util-openssl x86_64 1.6.1-6.el8 appstream 27 k
nginx-filesystem noarch 1:1.14.1-9.module_el8.0.0+184+e34fea82 appstream 24 k
php-cli x86_64 8.1.2-1.el8.remi remi-modular 5.3 M
php-fpm x86_64 8.1.2-1.el8.remi remi-modular 1.8 M
php-mbstring x86_64 8.1.2-1.el8.remi remi-modular 522 k
php-opcache x86_64 8.1.2-1.el8.remi remi-modular 628 k
php-pdo x86_64 8.1.2-1.el8.remi remi-modular 160 k
php-sodium x86_64 8.1.2-1.el8.remi remi-modular 100 k
php-xml x86_64 8.1.2-1.el8.remi remi-modular 250 k
Enabling module streams:
httpd 2.4
nginx 1.14
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 23 Packages</pre><h3 id="step-6-verify-the-php-installation" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 20px; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px 0px 22px; padding-top: 22px;">Step 6: Verify the PHP installation</h3><pre style="background: rgb(245, 245, 245); border-radius: 3px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace; font-size: 16.15px; line-height: 1.4; margin-bottom: 22px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow-x: auto; padding: 25px;"># php -v
PHP 8.1.2 (cli) (built: Jan 18 2022 23:52:03) (NTS gcc x86_64)
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v4.1.2, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v8.1.2, Copyright (c), by Zend Technologies</pre><pre style="background: rgb(245, 245, 245); border-radius: 3px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, "Liberation Mono", Courier, monospace; font-size: 16.15px; line-height: 1.4; margin-bottom: 22px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow-x: auto; padding: 25px;"><span style="color: red;"><b>Enjoy and comment if any issue arrised...</b></span></pre>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-25924804124583354152023-09-11T18:47:00.002+06:002023-09-11T19:25:29.088+06:00Mikrotik time-based queue for night and day<p> <span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: "Open Sans", serif; font-size: 16px;">If you desire to know how to implement a Mikrotik time-based queue to apply different queues to clients or networks based on the time of the day, then you are reading the right post. After reading this article, you will be able to configure a Mikrotik router to assign a certain bandwidth plan to a client in the day and a different bandwidth plan at night.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: "Open Sans", serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The implementation of a Mikrotik time-based queue will be configured using simple queue with scripts and schedulers to automatically assign bandwidth plans to customers based on time of the day. ISPs use this method to provide extra speed to customers during off-peak periods.</p><h4 class="wp-block-heading" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 24px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 18px; vertical-align: baseline;">Lab requirement</h4><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: "Open Sans", serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The implementation of Mikrotik time-based queue can be achieved on any Mikrotik router capable of simple queue. For this demonstration, the Mikrotik hAP lite series was used.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: "Open Sans", serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span face=""Open Sans", sans-serif" style="color: #333333; font-size: 24px;">Implementation</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: "Open Sans", serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Since Mikrotik time-based queue works with the router’s time, it is important that the time on the router remains accurate at all times. For to happen, the router must be configured as an NTP client. See commands to configure the router as an NTP client below:</p><pre class="wp-block-preformatted" style="background-color: white; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: "Courier 10 Pitch", Courier, monospace; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: 1.4; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/sys ntp client set primary-ntp=bd.pool.ntp.org enabled=yes</p></pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: "Open Sans", serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The next step is to create two simple queues; one for day (peak period) and the other for night (off-peak period). See commands below:</p><pre class="wp-block-preformatted" style="background-color: white; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: "Courier 10 Pitch", Courier, monospace; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: 1.4; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/queue simple
add name=day target=192.168.10.2/32 max-limit=2M/2M
add name=night target=192.168.10.2/32 max-limit=4M/4M</p></pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: "Open Sans", serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: "Open Sans", serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Next, we create a script that will enforce this queues. See commands below:</p><pre class="wp-block-preformatted" style="background-color: white; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: "Courier 10 Pitch", Courier, monospace; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: 1.4; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/system script
add name=Day source=/queue simple enable day; /queue simple disable night
add name=Night source=/queue simple enable night; /queue simple disable day</p></pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: "Open Sans", serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">See below image for how to implement it on Winbox. Simply click on system>script and eneter values similar to the ones in the image below.</p><figure class="wp-block-image" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: "Open Sans", serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; text-align: center;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-3136" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" height="388" sizes="(max-width: 661px) 100vw, 661px" src="https://timigate.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/script.png" srcset="https://timigate.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/script.png 661w, https://timigate.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/script-300x176.png 300w" style="box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; margin-bottom: 0px; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: bottom;" width="661" /></figure><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: "Open Sans", serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The final step involves the configuration system scheduler to activate any of the queues referenced in the script, depending on the system time. See commands below:</p><pre class="wp-block-preformatted" style="background-color: white; border: 1px solid rgb(234, 234, 234); box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: "Courier 10 Pitch", Courier, monospace; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: 1.4; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 20px; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/system scheduler
name=Day on-event=Day policy=read,write start-date=may/07/2023 start-time=06:00:00 interval=1d
name=Night on-event=Night policy=read,write start-date=may/07/2023 start-time=18:00:00 interval=1d</p></pre><figure class="wp-block-image" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: "Open Sans", serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; text-align: center;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-3137" decoding="async" height="437" sizes="(max-width: 655px) 100vw, 655px" src="https://timigate.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/scheduler.png" srcset="https://timigate.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/scheduler.png 655w, https://timigate.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/scheduler-300x200.png 300w" style="box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; margin-bottom: 0px; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: bottom;" width="655" /></figure><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: "Open Sans", serif; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 16px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-alternates: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; line-height: 1.6; margin: 0px 0px 15px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The scheduler will execute, based on the router time, and cause the script to activate the desired queue while disabling the other. See the result of executing the “Day” script below.</p><figure class="wp-block-image" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: "Open Sans", serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 1em; text-align: center;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-3138" decoding="async" height="293" sizes="(max-width: 603px) 100vw, 603px" src="https://timigate.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/day.png" srcset="https://timigate.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/day.png 603w, https://timigate.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/day-300x146.png 300w" style="box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; margin-bottom: 0px; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: bottom;" width="603" /></figure>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-11433855462620038252023-09-02T16:47:00.002+06:002023-11-09T19:51:27.032+06:00Enable Root Login via SSH In Ubuntu<p> <span face=""Open Sans", system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji"" style="color: #1a202c; font-size: 16px;">By default, SSH on Ubuntu comes configured in a way that disables the root users log in. This was originally enabled as a security precaution which means that you cannot directly log in as the root user over SSH. However, you can usually get around the need for root ssh login by using the sudo command. In some cases, though it’s just more </span>convenient<span face=""Open Sans", system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji"" style="color: #1a202c; font-size: 16px;"> to get directly logged in as root.</span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgH6DTohdxFz-EU2WUzaiUBPj9d2IGIKrKHrM_EVKUHsR2APlhYVjw20kSVCVMAxrxrF0c4Lcv6J-pKssGO7Fssx0vCZaW9sX5RC2QWB3Bz-PFWupAIdIgLailqclIaJ4vHpT7BCmMb9mG2nSUTlI1BOtJXqPJlESaIkLgLABZTiKuRCH9S_TIfMQwAeUgA/s800/ssh.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="294" data-original-width="800" height="118" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgH6DTohdxFz-EU2WUzaiUBPj9d2IGIKrKHrM_EVKUHsR2APlhYVjw20kSVCVMAxrxrF0c4Lcv6J-pKssGO7Fssx0vCZaW9sX5RC2QWB3Bz-PFWupAIdIgLailqclIaJ4vHpT7BCmMb9mG2nSUTlI1BOtJXqPJlESaIkLgLABZTiKuRCH9S_TIfMQwAeUgA/s320/ssh.jpg" width="320" /></a></div></div><p></p><h2 style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a202c; font-family: "Open Sans", system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji"; font-size: 32px; line-height: 42px; margin: 22px 0px 11px;">Enable root login over SSH</h2><ol style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a202c; font-family: "Open Sans", system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji"; font-size: 16px; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 1em 0px; padding: 0px;"><li style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box;">Login to your server as root.</li><li style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box;">As the root user, edit the sshd_config file found in <em style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box;">/etc/ssh/sshd_config</em>:<code style="background: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-radius: 5px; border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box; color: white; display: block; font-size: 1em; padding: 5px;">vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config</code></li><li style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box;">Add the following line to the file, you can add it anywhere but it’s good practice to find the block about authentication and add it there.<pre class="screen" style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 12px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 11.5px; word-break: break-all;">PermitRootLogin yes</pre></li><li style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box;">Save and exit the file.</li><li style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box;">Restart the SSH server:<br style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box;" /><code style="background: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-radius: 5px; border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box; color: white; display: block; font-size: 1em; padding: 5px;">systemctl restart sshd</code><br style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box;" />or<br style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box;" /><code style="background: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-radius: 5px; border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box; color: white; display: block; font-size: 1em; padding: 5px;">service sshd restart<br style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box;" /></code></li></ol><p style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a202c; font-family: "Open Sans", system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji"; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">And that’s it! With the new line added and the SSH server restarted, you can now connect via the root user.</p><p style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a202c; font-family: "Open Sans", system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji"; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">In this instance, you are going to be able to login as the root user utilizing either the password or an ssh key.</p><p style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a202c; font-family: "Open Sans", system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji"; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;">When using SSH Keys, you can set the <em style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600;">PermitRootLogin</span></em> value to `<em style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box;">without-password</em>` instead of <em style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box;">yes</em>. To accomplish this, simply modify the following information noted in step 2 above instead:</p><p style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a202c; font-family: "Open Sans", system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji"; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><code style="background: rgb(0, 0, 0); border-radius: 5px; border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box; color: white; display: block; font-size: 1em; padding: 5px;">PermitRootLogin without-password<br style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box;" /></code><br style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box;" />This process should work on almost any version of Linux server that the sshd service is installed. If you are using a cPanel server though you can easily control this setting from the WHM interface. In these cases, it’s recommended to modify this setting from your control panel interface.</p><hr style="border-bottom: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); border-image: initial; border-left: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); border-right: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); border-top-color: rgb(226, 232, 240); border-top-style: solid; box-sizing: content-box; color: #1a202c; font-family: "Open Sans", system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji"; font-size: 16px; height: 0px; margin: 0px; overflow: visible;" /><p style="border: 0px solid rgb(226, 232, 240); box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a202c; font-family: "Open Sans", system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji"; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 11px;"><br /></p><p><span face=""Open Sans", system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji"" style="color: #1a202c; font-size: 16px;"><br /></span></p>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-8217697850700078782023-04-11T20:27:00.003+06:002023-11-17T20:31:34.273+06:00How to Run a Script on Startup in Ubuntu?<p> <span style="background-color: white; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px;">Sometimes, we need to perform specific tasks every time the system starts or reboot the script is executed automatically on startup to avoid the user performing those tasks manually. The startup script allows the user to schedule and automate several tasks simultaneously.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">To run the script on startup in Ubuntu, the executable files are put in the startup folder to perform a specific task when the system starts. This post will discuss how to modify the system files to run scripts on startup with the help of the following topics:</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVfqmMRzPF035RKOR4USLPfZVMaAbq12J50VsdFkx0fGRfh02EA7CZ1zyQhNxXZ1T_MWf2cTjbjKWm-E7CO58wrIdXQrUq424w1MX48VT6iavNw9gRodwRPh7_EC7NO2a9s3kvqMw2pA6mRgtMLwMpXNLmTUWS4bGA-2vIG-rTapOqYvFau_83KqTgHFnD/s335/ubuntu.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="150" data-original-width="335" height="143" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVfqmMRzPF035RKOR4USLPfZVMaAbq12J50VsdFkx0fGRfh02EA7CZ1zyQhNxXZ1T_MWf2cTjbjKWm-E7CO58wrIdXQrUq424w1MX48VT6iavNw9gRodwRPh7_EC7NO2a9s3kvqMw2pA6mRgtMLwMpXNLmTUWS4bGA-2vIG-rTapOqYvFau_83KqTgHFnD/s320/ubuntu.png" width="320" /></a></div><br /><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><br /></p><h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="1" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;"><span style="border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(245, 188, 33); box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Method 1: Run Script on Startup Using Systemd File</span></h2><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">We can modify the systemd file to run a script on startup by following the below steps:</p><p class="subhead" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px;">Step 1: Create a Bash Script</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><span class="ezoic-videopicker-video" id="ezoic-pub-video-placeholder-1" style="box-sizing: inherit;"></span>Create a bash script file named “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">StartScript.sh</span>” to get all the details about the user, which will run automatically on startup:</p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code " style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px;"><div style="box-sizing: inherit;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter bash" id="highlighter_941973" style="background-color: rgb(15, 25, 42) !important; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1em !important; margin: 1em 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0.5em 1em !important; position: relative !important; width: 755px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; table-layout: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><tbody style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><tr style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="code" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><div class="container" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="bash preprocessor bold" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(138, 166, 193) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">#!/bin/bash</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> </div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="bash functions" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(255, 170, 62) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">echo</code> <code class="bash string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(29, 193, 22) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">"Kernel Version: $(uname -a)"</code> <code class="bash plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(209, 237, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">> </code><code class="bash plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(209, 237, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">/etc/kernelinfo</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(209, 237, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">.txt</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><figure class="wp-block-image size-full" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-17660 entered lazyloaded" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 703px) 100vw, 703px" data-lazy-src="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-01.png" data-lazy-srcset="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-01.png 703w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-01-300x46.png 300w" data-ll-status="loaded" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" height="107" sizes="(max-width: 703px) 100vw, 703px" src="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-01.png" srcset="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-01.png 703w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-01-300x46.png 300w" style="box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; margin-bottom: 1.5em; max-width: 100%; outline-offset: -0.5px; outline: solid 1px; vertical-align: bottom;" width="703" /></figure><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Note:</span> Make sure the script file is executable, using the following command:</p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code " style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px;"><div style="box-sizing: inherit;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter plain" id="highlighter_241992" style="background-color: rgb(15, 25, 42) !important; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1em !important; margin: 1em 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0.5em 1em !important; position: relative !important; width: 755px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; table-layout: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><tbody style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><tr style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="code" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><div class="container" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(209, 237, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">$ chmod a+x StartScript.sh</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><figure class="wp-block-image size-full" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-17658 entered lazyloaded" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 799px) 100vw, 799px" data-lazy-src="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-2.png" data-lazy-srcset="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-2.png 799w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-2-300x31.png 300w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-2-768x80.png 768w" data-ll-status="loaded" decoding="async" height="83" sizes="(max-width: 799px) 100vw, 799px" src="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-2.png" srcset="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-2.png 799w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-2-300x31.png 300w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-2-768x80.png 768w" style="box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; margin-bottom: 1.5em; max-width: 100%; outline-offset: -0.5px; outline: solid 1px; vertical-align: bottom;" width="799" /></figure><p class="subhead" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px;">Step 2: Create a systemd Service</span></p><span class="reportline" data-ez-ph-owner-id="608" data-nosnippet="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; display: block; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; height: 14px; margin: 2px auto; position: relative;"><span class="ezoicwhat" style="box-sizing: inherit; display: block; float: right; font-family: arial !important; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: normal; text-align: center;"></span></span><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">Create a new startup <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Systemd File</span> within the “/etc/systemd/system” system file having the “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">.service</span>” extension.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">For instance, /etc/systemd/system/ScriptService.service file is created using the following command in the nano editor:<span class="reportline" data-ez-ph-owner-id="174" data-nosnippet="" style="box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: 14px; margin: 2px auto; position: relative;"><span class="ezoicwhat" style="box-sizing: inherit; display: block; float: right; font-family: arial !important; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: normal; text-align: center;"></span></span></p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code " style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px;"><div style="box-sizing: inherit;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter plain" id="highlighter_630264" style="background-color: rgb(15, 25, 42) !important; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1em !important; margin: 1em 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0.5em 1em !important; position: relative !important; width: 755px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; table-layout: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><tbody style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><tr style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="code" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><div class="container" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(209, 237, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">$ sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/ScriptService.service</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">Write the below content to run the bash script “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">StartScript.sh</span>” on startup:<span class="reportline" data-ez-ph-owner-id="173" data-nosnippet="" style="box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: 14px; margin: 2px auto; position: relative;"><span class="ezoicwhat" style="box-sizing: inherit; display: block; float: right; font-family: arial !important; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: normal; text-align: center;"></span></span></p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code " style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px;"><div style="box-sizing: inherit;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter plain" id="highlighter_896885" style="background-color: rgb(15, 25, 42) !important; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1em !important; margin: 1em 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0.5em 1em !important; position: relative !important; width: 755px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; table-layout: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><tbody style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><tr style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="code" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><div class="container" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(209, 237, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">[Unit]</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(209, 237, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">Description=Custom Startup Script</code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> </div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(209, 237, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">[Service]</code></div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(209, 237, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">ExecStart=/home/ubuntu/StartScript.sh</code></div><div class="line number6 index5 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"> </div><div class="line number7 index6 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(209, 237, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">[Install]</code></div><div class="line number8 index7 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(209, 237, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">WantedBy=default.target</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><span class="reportline" data-ez-ph-owner-id="609" data-nosnippet="" style="box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: 14px; margin: 2px auto; position: relative;"><span class="ezoicwhat" style="box-sizing: inherit; display: block; float: right; font-family: arial !important; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: normal; text-align: center;"></span></span></div><ul style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em 3em; padding: 0px;"><li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Unit</span>: It stores the metadata and other information you want to store related to the script.</li><li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Service</span>: Tells the system to execute the desired service, which will run on startup.</li><li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Install</span>: Allows the service to run the WantedBy directory at the startup to handle the dependencies.</li></ul><span class="reportline" data-ez-ph-owner-id="606" data-nosnippet="" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; display: block; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; height: 14px; margin: 2px auto; position: relative;"><span class="ezoicwhat" style="box-sizing: inherit; display: block; float: right; font-family: arial !important; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: normal; text-align: center;"></span></span><p class="subhead" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px;">Step 3; Set Permissions of the Service File</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">Set the user executable file permissions (in this case, <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">binary</span> mode of permissions) for the Service unit file using the following command:</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Note: </span>In binary mode, Read=<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">4</span>, Write=<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">2</span>, and Execute=<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">1</span>.</p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code " style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px;"><div style="box-sizing: inherit;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter plain" id="highlighter_304829" style="background-color: rgb(15, 25, 42) !important; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1em !important; margin: 1em 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0.5em 1em !important; position: relative !important; width: 755px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; table-layout: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><tbody style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><tr style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="code" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><div class="container" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(209, 237, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">$ chmod 644 /etc/systemd/system/ScriptService.service</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><figure class="wp-block-image size-full" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-17657 entered lazyloaded" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 804px) 100vw, 804px" data-lazy-src="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-3.png" data-lazy-srcset="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-3.png 804w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-3-300x39.png 300w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-3-768x100.png 768w" data-ll-status="loaded" decoding="async" height="105" sizes="(max-width: 804px) 100vw, 804px" src="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-3.png" srcset="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-3.png 804w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-3-300x39.png 300w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-3-768x100.png 768w" style="box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; margin-bottom: 1.5em; max-width: 100%; outline-offset: -0.5px; outline: solid 1px; vertical-align: bottom;" width="804" /></figure><ul style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em 3em; padding: 0px;"><li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">6</span>: Provides read and write permissions to the user.</li><li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">4</span>: Provides read permissions to the group and others.</li></ul><p class="subhead" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px;">Step 4: Enable the Service</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">Use the below-stated command to enable the customized service (which allows the execution on each startup):</p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code " style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px;"><div style="box-sizing: inherit;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter plain" id="highlighter_358390" style="background-color: rgb(15, 25, 42) !important; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1em !important; margin: 1em 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0.5em 1em !important; position: relative !important; width: 755px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; table-layout: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><tbody style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><tr style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="code" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><div class="container" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(209, 237, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">$ systemctl enable ScriptService.service</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><figure class="wp-block-image size-full" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-17656 entered lazyloaded" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 804px) 100vw, 804px" data-lazy-src="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-4.png" data-lazy-srcset="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-4.png 804w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-4-300x37.png 300w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-4-768x95.png 768w" data-ll-status="loaded" decoding="async" height="99" sizes="(max-width: 804px) 100vw, 804px" src="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-4.png" srcset="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-4.png 804w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-4-300x37.png 300w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-4-768x95.png 768w" style="box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; margin-bottom: 1.5em; max-width: 100%; outline-offset: -0.5px; outline: solid 1px; vertical-align: bottom;" width="804" /><span class="reportline" data-ez-ph-owner-id="179" data-nosnippet="" style="box-sizing: inherit; display: block; height: 14px; margin: 2px auto; position: relative;"><span class="ezoicwhat" style="box-sizing: inherit; display: block; float: right; font-family: arial !important; font-size: 12px !important; line-height: normal; text-align: center;"></span></span></figure><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">Every time the system starts/reboots, the script file will execute automatically and display all the user information in the <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">/etc/kernelinfo.txt</span> file.</p><h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="2" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;"><span style="border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(245, 188, 33); box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Method 2: Run Script on Startup Using Cron Job</span></h2><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">The cron job can be created to run on startup. For instance, to run a script that executes the user details when the system reboot or restarts, follow the below steps:</p><p class="subhead" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px;">Step 1:</span> <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px;">Open the crontab File</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">Open the <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">crontab </span>file by running this command in the terminal:</p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code " style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px;"><div style="box-sizing: inherit;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter plain" id="highlighter_672759" style="background-color: rgb(15, 25, 42) !important; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1em !important; margin: 1em 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0.5em 1em !important; position: relative !important; width: 755px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; table-layout: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><tbody style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><tr style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="code" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><div class="container" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(209, 237, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">$ sudo crontab -e</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><figure class="wp-block-image size-full" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-17655 entered lazyloaded" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" data-lazy-src="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-5.png" data-lazy-srcset="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-5.png 800w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-5-300x182.png 300w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-5-768x467.png 768w" data-ll-status="loaded" decoding="async" height="486" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" src="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-5.png" srcset="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-5.png 800w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-5-300x182.png 300w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-5-768x467.png 768w" style="box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; margin-bottom: 1.5em; max-width: 100%; outline-offset: -0.5px; outline: solid 1px; vertical-align: bottom;" width="800" /></figure><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Note:</span> If you are opening the crontab file for the first time, the system will ask you to specify the <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">text editor</span> in which the crontab will be opened. Select the desired editor by entering the number written in front of every editor.</p><p class="subhead" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px;">Step 2:</span> <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px;">Add a cron Job</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">Add a new crontab job to execute on startup by entering the following code in the crontab file:</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Note:</span> StartScript.sh is the same script that was used in the last section; provide the full path of the script file.</p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code " style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px;"><div style="box-sizing: inherit;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter plain" id="highlighter_568317" style="background-color: rgb(15, 25, 42) !important; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1em !important; margin: 1em 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0.5em 1em !important; position: relative !important; width: 755px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; table-layout: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><tbody style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><tr style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="code" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><div class="container" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(209, 237, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">$ @reboot sudo /home/ubuntu/StartScript.sh &</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><figure class="wp-block-image size-full" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-17654 entered lazyloaded" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px" data-lazy-src="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-6.png" data-lazy-srcset="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-6.png 624w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-6-300x182.png 300w" data-ll-status="loaded" decoding="async" height="379" sizes="(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px" src="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-6.png" srcset="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-6.png 624w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-6-300x182.png 300w" style="box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; margin-bottom: 1.5em; max-width: 100%; outline-offset: -0.5px; outline: solid 1px; vertical-align: bottom;" width="624" /></figure><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">After adding the code, Press the “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Ctrl + O</span>” to save, then “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Enter</span>” to save the file name, and then press the “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Ctrl + X</span>” keys to exit the editor.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">The cron job is successfully saved to run the script (print user details) on startup.</p><h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="3" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;"><span style="border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(245, 188, 33); box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Method 3: Run Script on Startup Using rc.local File</span></h2><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">The rc.local file can also be used to run the script on startup. To run the desired script on reboot/startup, use the following steps:</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Note:</span> The below first two steps will be performed in case there is no “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">/etc/rc.local</span>” file which can be checked by using the “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">ls /etc/rc.local</span>” command. In the absence of this directory, it will show blank output, else the directory path.</p><p class="subhead" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px;">Step 1:</span> <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px;">Create rc.local File</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">Create the “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">/etc/rc.local</span>” file in the nano editor using the below-mentioned command:</p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code " style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px;"><div style="box-sizing: inherit;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter plain" id="highlighter_289023" style="background-color: rgb(15, 25, 42) !important; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1em !important; margin: 1em 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0.5em 1em !important; position: relative !important; width: 755px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; table-layout: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><tbody style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><tr style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="code" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><div class="container" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(209, 237, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">$ sudo nano /etc/rc.local</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><figure class="wp-block-image size-full" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-17653 entered lazyloaded" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 802px) 100vw, 802px" data-lazy-src="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-7.png" data-lazy-srcset="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-7.png 802w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-7-300x182.png 300w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-7-768x465.png 768w" data-ll-status="loaded" decoding="async" height="486" sizes="(max-width: 802px) 100vw, 802px" src="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-7.png" srcset="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-7.png 802w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-7-300x182.png 300w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-7-768x465.png 768w" style="box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; margin-bottom: 1.5em; max-width: 100%; outline-offset: -0.5px; outline: solid 1px; vertical-align: bottom;" width="802" /></figure><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">Press “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Ctrl + O</span>” to save the file, then press the “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Enter</span>” key to save the anime, and press the “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Ctrl + X</span>” key to exit the editor.</p><p class="subhead" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px;">Step 2:</span> <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px;">Create an rc-local Service</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">Create the rc-local service file to manage this service in the default system file “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">/etc/systemd</span>” by using this command:</p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code " style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px;"><div style="box-sizing: inherit;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter plain" id="highlighter_382824" style="background-color: rgb(15, 25, 42) !important; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1em !important; margin: 1em 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0.5em 1em !important; position: relative !important; width: 755px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; table-layout: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><tbody style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><tr style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="code" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><div class="container" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(209, 237, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">$ sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/rc-local.service</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><figure class="wp-block-image size-full" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-17652 entered lazyloaded" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 805px) 100vw, 805px" data-lazy-src="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-8.png" data-lazy-srcset="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-8.png 805w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-8-300x181.png 300w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-8-768x464.png 768w" data-ll-status="loaded" decoding="async" height="486" sizes="(max-width: 805px) 100vw, 805px" src="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-8.png" srcset="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-8.png 805w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-8-300x181.png 300w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-8-768x464.png 768w" style="box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; margin-bottom: 1.5em; max-width: 100%; outline-offset: -0.5px; outline: solid 1px; vertical-align: bottom;" width="805" /></figure><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">Now, press the “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Ctrl + O</span>” to save, the “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Enter</span>” and “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Ctrl + X</span>” to exit.</p><p class="subhead" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px;">Step 3:</span> <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px;">Make the rc.local File executable</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">Change the rc.local file permissions to make it executable by running the below command:</p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code " style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px;"><div style="box-sizing: inherit;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter plain" id="highlighter_789256" style="background-color: rgb(15, 25, 42) !important; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1em !important; margin: 1em 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0.5em 1em !important; position: relative !important; width: 755px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; table-layout: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><tbody style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><tr style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="code" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><div class="container" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(209, 237, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">$ sudo chmod +x /etc/rc.local</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><figure class="wp-block-image size-full" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-17651 entered lazyloaded" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" data-lazy-src="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-9.png" data-lazy-srcset="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-9.png 800w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-9-300x31.png 300w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-9-768x80.png 768w" data-ll-status="loaded" decoding="async" height="83" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" src="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-9.png" srcset="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-9.png 800w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-9-300x31.png 300w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-9-768x80.png 768w" style="box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; margin-bottom: 1.5em; max-width: 100%; outline-offset: -0.5px; outline: solid 1px; vertical-align: bottom;" width="800" /></figure><p class="subhead" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px;">Step 4:</span> <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px;">Edit the rc.local File</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">Open the <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">rc.local </span>file in the nano editor (to add the startup script) by using the following command:</p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code " style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px;"><div style="box-sizing: inherit;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter plain" id="highlighter_503160" style="background-color: rgb(15, 25, 42) !important; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1em !important; margin: 1em 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0.5em 1em !important; position: relative !important; width: 755px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; table-layout: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><tbody style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><tr style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="code" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><div class="container" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(209, 237, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">$ sudo nano /etc/rc.local</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">Add the following command in the <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">rc.loca</span>l file as shown in the below picture:</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Note:</span> Replace the “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">StartScript.sh</span>” with your desired script file name.</p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code " style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px;"><div style="box-sizing: inherit;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter plain" id="highlighter_502803" style="background-color: rgb(15, 25, 42) !important; box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1em !important; margin: 1em 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0.5em 1em !important; position: relative !important; width: 755px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; table-layout: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><tbody style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><tr style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="code" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 721px;"><div class="container" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 1em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(209, 237, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Monaco, consolas, "bitstream vera sans mono", "courier new", Courier, monospace !important; font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 1em !important; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.1em !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">sudo /home/ubuntu/StartScript.sh &</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><figure class="wp-block-image size-full" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; height: auto; margin: 0px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px;"><img alt="" class="wp-image-17650 entered lazyloaded" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 805px) 100vw, 805px" data-lazy-src="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-10.png" data-lazy-srcset="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-10.png 805w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-10-300x180.png 300w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-10-768x462.png 768w" data-ll-status="loaded" decoding="async" height="484" sizes="(max-width: 805px) 100vw, 805px" src="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-10.png" srcset="https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-10.png 805w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-10-300x180.png 300w, https://itslinuxfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/Run-Script-on-Startup-10-768x462.png 768w" style="box-sizing: border-box; height: auto; margin-bottom: 1.5em; max-width: 100%; outline-offset: -0.5px; outline: solid 1px; vertical-align: bottom;" width="805" /></figure><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">Press the “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Ctrl + O</span>” to save, the “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Enter</span>” and “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Ctrl + X</span>” to exit.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">The script is saved in the <span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">rc.local </span>file, which will automatically run every time the system reboots/starts.</p><h2 class="wp-block-heading" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;"><span style="border-bottom: 3px solid rgb(245, 188, 33); box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">Conclusion</span></h2><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #101010; font-family: -apple-system, system-ui, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol"; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 1.5em; padding: 0px;">To run the desired script on startup, several methods are used, which include modifying the “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">systemd</span>”, “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">cron</span>”, and “<span style="box-sizing: inherit; font-weight: 700;">rc.local</span>” files. In the systemd method, the desired script is created, added script as a service, and enabled the service to run on startup. Moreover, the script job is added to the crontab file, and the service is added to the rc.local file to run the scripts on startup. This post has addressed numerous methods to run a script on startup in Ubuntu.</p>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-46844399144904958922023-03-01T19:24:00.000+06:002023-11-09T19:47:29.881+06:00How to Install WireGuard on Ubuntu 20.04 / 22.04 (Step by Step)<p> <span face="Roboto, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #7a7a7a; font-size: 14px;">How to Install WireGuard on Ubuntu 20.04 / 22.04 (Step by Step). In this post, we introduce </span>WireGuard<span face="Roboto, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #7a7a7a; font-size: 14px;"> </span>VPN<span face="Roboto, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #7a7a7a; font-size: 14px;">, its advantages, features, then show you how to install WireGuard on </span>Ubuntu<span face="Roboto, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #7a7a7a; font-size: 14px;"> 20.04 / 22.04.</span></p><h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default" style="background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-primary); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-primary-font-weight); line-height: 1; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;">What is WireGuard VPN?</span></h2><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7jOL1gdIQOmUczNvGG6ESZ_r5CXnJJbpJ8oc_oqliP2ioEFbMxOj1a1k-XdKk2KxRCDBVYSGXbtozilmk9UakIJeQiH6xszofeYCx4Eoq8dfJWYaOM8cX0nKkqvKQdItJjqvVSx4I7BwNbIT0Zy5T4siMi35LRtxDcC6kC7rmKmh-mfBJTwCiWO69mv7X/s532/download.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="95" data-original-width="532" height="107" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7jOL1gdIQOmUczNvGG6ESZ_r5CXnJJbpJ8oc_oqliP2ioEFbMxOj1a1k-XdKk2KxRCDBVYSGXbtozilmk9UakIJeQiH6xszofeYCx4Eoq8dfJWYaOM8cX0nKkqvKQdItJjqvVSx4I7BwNbIT0Zy5T4siMi35LRtxDcC6kC7rmKmh-mfBJTwCiWO69mv7X/w602-h107/download.png" width="602" /></a></div><br /><div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-67bbba8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="67bbba8" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px 0px 20px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">Existing VPN protocols were created many years ago. They’re still functional but use inefficient encryption techniques </span></p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">and include much extra code.</span></p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br /></span></p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">Compared to other established VPN protocols like OpenVPN and IPsec, the newer and more lightweight Wireguard </span></p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">offers significant advantages. Therefore, since its introduction in 2016, numerous VPNs have started using it. Though </span></p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">it was created for Linux first, it is now available for and supported by all major platforms.</span></p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br /></span></p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">Whether you’re a tec savvy user or just someone looking to improve their online security, this article gives you a better </span></p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">understanding of why WireGuard VPN is quickly becoming a popular choice for many users.</span></p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br /></span></p><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d51b420 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="d51b420" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; color: #797979; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-family: Roboto; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2283002" data-element_type="column" data-id="2283002" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f158645 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-element_type="widget" data-id="f158645" data-widget_type="heading.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-primary); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-primary-font-weight); line-height: 1; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;">Features of WireGuard</span></h2></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8ea5cfa elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="8ea5cfa" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; color: #797979; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-family: Roboto; font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-98395fc" data-element_type="column" data-id="98395fc" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8340587 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="8340587" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">All in all, the WireGuard is equipped with the following features that make it capable of accomplishing its goals.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cc5ca09 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="cc5ca09" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; color: #797979; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-family: Roboto; font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4da188b" data-element_type="column" data-id="4da188b" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-57e50f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="57e50f5" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px 0px 20px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><ul style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style-position: inside; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Supports IPv4 and IPv6 protocols and operates as a Layer 3 secure network tunnel. Moreover, it allows for the </li><li style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">encapsulation of v4 data in v6 format and vice versa.</li></ul></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a3ea46e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="a3ea46e" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px 0px 20px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><ul style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style-position: inside; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Being a UDP based service is a key factor in its lightning fast performance. Therefore, it is a more efficient VPN </li></ul><span color="var(--e-global-color-text)" face="var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif" style="background-color: initial; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight);">protocol</span><span color="var(--e-global-color-text)" face="var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif" style="background-color: initial; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight);"> </span><span color="var(--e-global-color-text)" face="var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif" style="background-color: initial; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight);">for network bandwidth use.</span></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1721a01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="1721a01" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px 0px 20px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><ul style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style-position: inside; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Functions in the Linux kernel as a virtual network interface.</li></ul></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4c0e76e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="4c0e76e" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px 0px 20px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><ul style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style-position: inside; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">This system is based on the most sound cryptographic practices of the present day.</li></ul></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1d24e03 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="1d24e03" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><ul style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style-position: inside; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Authentication approach it uses is quite similar to that of OpenSSH. Mutual authentication is performed using </li></ul><span color="var(--e-global-color-text)" face="var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif" style="background-color: initial; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight);">short pre shared static keys with Curve25519 points.</span></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d7cc370 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="d7cc370" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; color: #797979; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-family: Roboto; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f037c07" data-element_type="column" data-id="f037c07" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c1eb509 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="c1eb509" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px 0px 20px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><ul style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style-position: inside; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">WireGuard is used to implement the Mesh, Point to Point and Star topologies.</li></ul></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-67a866a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="67a866a" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><ul style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style-position: inside; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The advanced cryptographic techniques that form the basis of WireGuard’s security and encryption are another </li></ul><span color="var(--e-global-color-text)" face="var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif" style="background-color: initial; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight);">distinguishing feature. Using a method called “</span><span color="var(--e-global-color-text)" face="var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif" style="background-color: initial; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight);">cryptokey routing</span><span color="var(--e-global-color-text)" face="var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif" style="background-color: initial; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight);">,” IP addresses for both the server and the client </span><span color="var(--e-global-color-text)" face="var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif" style="background-color: initial; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight);">are </span></div><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><span color="var(--e-global-color-text)" face="var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif" style="background-color: initial; font-size: 14px; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight);">permanently saved in the server’s configuration files.</span><br /><div style="font-size: 14px;"><br /></div><div><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-451a46b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="451a46b" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2a7b9e0" data-element_type="column" data-id="2a7b9e0" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-fe52692 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-element_type="widget" data-id="fe52692" data-widget_type="heading.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-primary); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-primary-font-weight); line-height: 1; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;">Advantages of WireGuard</span></h2></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c9e6735 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="c9e6735" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1280a84" data-element_type="column" data-id="1280a84" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-da6db6f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="da6db6f" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Significantly, WireGuard is a significant improvement over previous VPNs and has far reaching implications for </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">the security industry.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bf61671 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="bf61671" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dbb37b7" data-element_type="column" data-id="dbb37b7" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b9a08b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-element_type="widget" data-id="b9a08b2" data-widget_type="heading.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-primary); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-size: 22px; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-primary-font-weight); line-height: 1; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">1. Steady Connection</h3></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-31e3334 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="31e3334" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ea2510c" data-element_type="column" data-id="ea2510c" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-065a88c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="065a88c" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">In contrast to the current norm, Wireguard creates very reliable connections. This implies that, unlike with other </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">protocols, switching between your wireless network and WiFi won’t cause your VPN connection to be disrupted. </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">When switching between networks, WireGuard quickly connects and reconnects. In addition, it maintains a </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">connection when most VPN protocols fail.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-469b953 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="469b953" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-26975cc" data-element_type="column" data-id="26975cc" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8b1f5ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-element_type="widget" data-id="8b1f5ec" data-widget_type="heading.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-primary); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-size: 22px; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-primary-font-weight); line-height: 1; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">2. Safe connection</h3></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5336b8f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="5336b8f" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-119e339" data-element_type="column" data-id="119e339" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8b2ce4e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="8b2ce4e" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Another key point of WireGuard is that it’s VPN service uses safe defaults and clever, cutting edge cryptographic </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">primitives. Furthermore, it is much more compact and straightforward than previous protocols, making it much </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">easier for security experts to audit. To secure communications between a client and a VPN server, the WireGuard </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">VPN protocol uses military grade encryption.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8f4f385 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="8f4f385" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2169fc4" data-element_type="column" data-id="2169fc4" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-057da77 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-element_type="widget" data-id="057da77" data-widget_type="heading.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-primary); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-size: 22px; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-primary-font-weight); line-height: 1; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">3. Speed</h3></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9e5b53d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="9e5b53d" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ff09b8c" data-element_type="column" data-id="ff09b8c" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-108f569 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="108f569" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Fast cryptographic code is used in WireGuard (More than 1000 Mbps in terms of throughput). Expected to give </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">any protocol solution’s highest speed, and bandwidth since its activities are carried out inside a Linux kernel </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">module.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ccc6af8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="ccc6af8" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-acfbb6e" data-element_type="column" data-id="acfbb6e" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-bf4d6f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="bf4d6f7" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Regular VPN connections usually take between 5 and 10 seconds to establish. As a result, Wireguard normally </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">only takes one to two seconds, and the connection is sometimes so fast that it seems instant.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-37215cb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="37215cb" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3afc756" data-element_type="column" data-id="3afc756" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-129e3a2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-element_type="widget" data-id="129e3a2" data-widget_type="heading.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-primary); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-size: 22px; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-primary-font-weight); line-height: 1; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">4. Convenience in use and deployment</h3></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3b2d612 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="3b2d612" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-65ff5c9" data-element_type="column" data-id="65ff5c9" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b4a0e86 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="b4a0e86" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Besides, WireGuard is a simple programme to set up on both the client and server sides. The platform’s app store </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">provides access to various pre built client programmes for computers and mobile devices.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-657c96d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="657c96d" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-087a83b" data-element_type="column" data-id="087a83b" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b250aef elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-element_type="widget" data-id="b250aef" data-widget_type="heading.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-primary); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-size: 22px; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-primary-font-weight); line-height: 1; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">5. Configurations</h3></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-43c8abb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="43c8abb" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3a674b9" data-element_type="column" data-id="3a674b9" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5821acc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="5821acc" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Since WireGuard only employs public keys, the certificate infrastructure needs to be revised. That, too, is for the </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">sake of recognition and security. With this feature, WireGuard may be easily set up to work with any software.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section></div><div style="font-size: 14px;"><br /></div><div><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-35ba1f2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="35ba1f2" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3f36138" data-element_type="column" data-id="3f36138" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-08ece1a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-element_type="widget" data-id="08ece1a" data-widget_type="heading.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-primary); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-primary-font-weight); line-height: 1; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;">How to Install WireGuard on Ubuntu 20.04 / 22.04 (Step by Step)</span></h2></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3cb59a7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="3cb59a7" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-efa501b" data-element_type="column" data-id="efa501b" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-904eb6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="904eb6d" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Next section guides you through how to install WireGuard VPN server and client on Ubuntu 20.04 / 22.04.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-619b2ce elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="619b2ce" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a69bb4a" data-element_type="column" data-id="a69bb4a" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8076e34 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-element_type="widget" data-id="8076e34" data-widget_type="heading.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-primary); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-size: 22px; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-primary-font-weight); line-height: 1; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Prerequisites</h3></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7688461 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="7688461" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-77eee70" data-element_type="column" data-id="77eee70" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d07405b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="d07405b" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><ul style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style-position: inside; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Two servers running Ubuntu 20.04 or Ubuntu 22.04.</li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-df3d127 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="df3d127" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a1b3a15" data-element_type="column" data-id="a1b3a15" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-fad8f78 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="fad8f78" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><ul style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style-position: inside; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">A root user or a user with sudo privileges.</li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5fc9762 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="5fc9762" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a7f1889" data-element_type="column" data-id="a7f1889" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1ad5d55 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="1ad5d55" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-99cd750 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="99cd750" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d1ce996" data-element_type="column" data-id="d1ce996" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-703a0b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-element_type="widget" data-id="703a0b7" data-widget_type="heading.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-primary); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-primary-font-weight); line-height: 1; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;">Step 1 - Perform System Update</span></h2></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-87c82ab elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="87c82ab" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-db82b65" data-element_type="column" data-id="db82b65" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-69a5b57 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="69a5b57" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">First, it is a good idea to update and upgrade all the system packages to the latest version. You update all of them </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">by running the following command.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f7b4368 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="f7b4368" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b293025" data-element_type="column" data-id="b293025" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-e95d72c elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="e95d72c" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">apt update <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>y
apt upgrade <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>y<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-250c7e8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="250c7e8" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b9a7808" data-element_type="column" data-id="b9a7808" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-fa21b93 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="fa21b93" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">After upgrading all the system packages, you also need to install the Iptables package on your server. Install it using </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">the following command.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0cd9237 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="0cd9237" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1200f1c" data-element_type="column" data-id="1200f1c" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7c136b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="7c136b6" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">apt install iptables <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>y<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3ffc896 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="3ffc896" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a068b67" data-element_type="column" data-id="a068b67" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0d4bd38 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="0d4bd38" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Once the Iptables package is installed, you proceed to the next step.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7164499 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="7164499" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-919e61f" data-element_type="column" data-id="919e61f" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-400a2de elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="400a2de" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7875690 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="7875690" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-baa6199" data-element_type="column" data-id="baa6199" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-dc645f2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-element_type="widget" data-id="dc645f2" data-widget_type="heading.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-primary); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-primary-font-weight); line-height: 1; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;">Step 2 - Configuring IP Forwarding</span></h2></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-04c315b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="04c315b" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d565821" data-element_type="column" data-id="d565821" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0df1728 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="0df1728" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Next, you also need to enable the IP forwarding on your server to route all traffic via VPN server. Do it by editing </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">sysctl.conf</strong> file.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7e945c4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="7e945c4" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9e16abd" data-element_type="column" data-id="9e16abd" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-169e324 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="169e324" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">nano <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>etc<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>sysctl<span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.</span>conf<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3c466af elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="3c466af" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-501a630" data-element_type="column" data-id="501a630" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f888376 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="f888376" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Change the following line.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d7319c1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="d7319c1" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7806a6a" data-element_type="column" data-id="7806a6a" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c8eeb47 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="c8eeb47" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">net<span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.</span>ipv4<span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.</span>ip_forward<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">=</span><span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">1</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-921d976 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="921d976" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f356c3c" data-element_type="column" data-id="f356c3c" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-376712c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="376712c" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Save and close the file then run the following command to apply the changes.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7359b32 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="7359b32" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-914aa3a" data-element_type="column" data-id="914aa3a" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-70d912b elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="70d912b" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">sysctl <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>p<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-41e5369 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="41e5369" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-beb428a" data-element_type="column" data-id="beb428a" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-da87df3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="da87df3" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">You will get the following output.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c63b352 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="c63b352" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-578e428" data-element_type="column" data-id="578e428" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ef8e378 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="ef8e378" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">net<span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.</span>ipv4<span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.</span>ip_forward <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">=</span> <span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">1</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8a17ee5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="8a17ee5" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0134705" data-element_type="column" data-id="0134705" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2444d4a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="2444d4a" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Once you are done, you proceed to install WireGuard.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d3842cc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="d3842cc" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7f6d49d" data-element_type="column" data-id="7f6d49d" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1eb8bd7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="1eb8bd7" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c32aca9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="c32aca9" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bf4b0ab" data-element_type="column" data-id="bf4b0ab" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f1b3bf6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-element_type="widget" data-id="f1b3bf6" data-widget_type="heading.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-primary); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-primary-font-weight); line-height: 1; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;">Step 3 - Installing WireGuard VPN</span></h2></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-929bba4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="929bba4" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1b6f38f" data-element_type="column" data-id="1b6f38f" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-969c30b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="969c30b" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">By default, the WireGuard package is available in the Ubuntu default repository. Install it using the </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">APT command.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ecb53fe elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="ecb53fe" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fb72010" data-element_type="column" data-id="fb72010" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0b5af72 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="0b5af72" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">apt install wireguard <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>y<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0b5e0ec elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="0b5e0ec" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e8b5608" data-element_type="column" data-id="e8b5608" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-12b461a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="12b461a" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Once the WireGuard package is installed, please proceed to the next step.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e83300a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="e83300a" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1e0bc5d" data-element_type="column" data-id="1e0bc5d" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7ac7ad8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="7ac7ad8" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-86fb3f9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="86fb3f9" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1f7ffd1" data-element_type="column" data-id="1f7ffd1" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a075a2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-element_type="widget" data-id="a075a2b" data-widget_type="heading.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-primary); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-primary-font-weight); line-height: 1; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;">Step 4 - Creating Private and Public Key</span></h2></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-009dca3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="009dca3" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8444bc7" data-element_type="column" data-id="8444bc7" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1b7cfef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="1b7cfef" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">As noted, WireGuard provides the <strong style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">wg</strong> and<strong style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> wg-quick </strong>command line utility that helps you to manage </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">the WireGuard interface. So, you also need to create a public and private key on each machine in the </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">WireGuard VPN network. Generate them via following command.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ee20e53 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="ee20e53" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1e344bd" data-element_type="column" data-id="1e344bd" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c7edde9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="c7edde9" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">wg genkey <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">|</span> tee <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>etc<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>wireguard<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>privatekey <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">|</span> wg pubkey <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">|</span> tee <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>etc<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>wireguard<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>publickey<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e03a345 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="e03a345" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b50b229" data-element_type="column" data-id="b50b229" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c06dd10 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="c06dd10" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Once both keys are generated, you get the following output.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a4b5f9e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="a4b5f9e" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-40a4ac4" data-element_type="column" data-id="40a4ac4" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b246761 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="b246761" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">Nt<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>YhewkYGaZChkVXiUXduHY5WTWa1<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>TLW1UVu5Ut1I<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">=</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3c944d9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="3c944d9" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-81c7b06" data-element_type="column" data-id="81c7b06" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4d9b7b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="4d9b7b9" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The above command creates two files named <strong style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">privatekey</strong> and <strong style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">publickey</strong> in the <strong style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/etc/wireguard</strong> directory. Check the </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">content of both files using the following command.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2a8e5fe elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="2a8e5fe" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e077830" data-element_type="column" data-id="e077830" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7ca8b31 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="7ca8b31" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">cat <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>etc<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>wireguard<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>privatekey <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>etc<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>wireguard<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>publickey<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4ea4e66 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="4ea4e66" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-49c3a62" data-element_type="column" data-id="49c3a62" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a6321ee elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="a6321ee" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">This shows you the content of both keys in the following output.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d867c3b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="d867c3b" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c6bf1f7" data-element_type="column" data-id="c6bf1f7" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-353c27c elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="353c27c" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">MF1WKWo1kXSy8MNy4tl3N3eAftUvAFQIZ0z6AUS3Ul4<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">=</span>
Nt<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>YhewkYGaZChkVXiUXduHY5WTWa1<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>TLW1UVu5Ut1I<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">=</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-56de58a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="56de58a" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-eb9f372" data-element_type="column" data-id="eb9f372" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d914767 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="d914767" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Once you are done, you proceed to the next step.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d0ef464 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="d0ef464" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-10b4237" data-element_type="column" data-id="10b4237" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-04ad73f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="04ad73f" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-095afdd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="095afdd" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-eb37307" data-element_type="column" data-id="eb37307" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4eb9f3f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-element_type="widget" data-id="4eb9f3f" data-widget_type="heading.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-primary); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-primary-font-weight); line-height: 1; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;">Step 5 - Configuring WireGuard VPN Server</span></h2></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4e9ad87 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="4e9ad87" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e88bafd" data-element_type="column" data-id="e88bafd" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3a86d91 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="3a86d91" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Next, you need to configure the WireGuard VPN server to route the VPN traffic. Do it by creating </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">a new file named <strong style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">wg0.conf.</strong></p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7e7eab7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="7e7eab7" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f511d96" data-element_type="column" data-id="f511d96" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7aa06a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="7aa06a7" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">nano <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>etc<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>wireguard<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>wg0<span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.</span>conf<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b605cf2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="b605cf2" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-753375e" data-element_type="column" data-id="753375e" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8089e20 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="8089e20" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Add the following configurations.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3933ea1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="3933ea1" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-83ca607" data-element_type="column" data-id="83ca607" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-71c3d89 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="71c3d89" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-align: left; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">[</span>Interface<span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">]</span>
Address <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">=</span> <span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">10.0</span><span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.0</span><span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.1</span><span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span><span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">24</span>
SaveConfig <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">=</span> <span class="token boolean" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">true</span>
ListenPort <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">=</span> <span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">51820</span>
PrivateKey <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">=</span> MF1WKWo1kXSy8MNy4tl3N3eAftUvAFQIZ0z6AUS3Ul4<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">=</span>
PostUp <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">=</span> iptables <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span><span class="token constant" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">A</span> <span class="token constant" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">FORWARD</span> <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>i <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">%</span>i <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>j <span class="token constant" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">ACCEPT</span><span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">;</span> iptables <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>t nat <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span><span class="token constant" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">A</span> <span class="token constant" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">POSTROUTING</span> <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>o eth0 <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>j <span class="token constant" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">MASQUERADE</span>
PostDown <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">=</span> iptables <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span><span class="token constant" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">D</span> <span class="token constant" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">FORWARD</span> <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>i <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">%</span>i <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>j <span class="token constant" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">ACCEPT</span><span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">;</span> iptables <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>t nat <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span><span class="token constant" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">D</span> <span class="token constant" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">POSTROUTING</span> <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>o eth0 <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>j <span class="token constant" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">MASQUERADE</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a037e4e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="a037e4e" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-df4af67" data-element_type="column" data-id="df4af67" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f4a227b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="f4a227b" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Save and close the file when you are done.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e4ba977 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="e4ba977" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fd779dd" data-element_type="column" data-id="fd779dd" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-18130e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="18130e1" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Here is the brief summary of each option.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7f4727b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="7f4727b" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-073276c" data-element_type="column" data-id="073276c" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-fe06b47 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="fe06b47" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px 0px 20px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><ul style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style-position: inside; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Address</strong> – Define the private IP address range.</li></ul></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2cb4b17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="2cb4b17" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px 0px 20px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><ul style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style-position: inside; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">ListenPort</strong> – Define on which port WireGuard listens.</li></ul></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d625fd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="d625fd6" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px 0px 20px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><ul style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style-position: inside; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">PrivateKey</strong> – Private key of the server.</li></ul></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6904995 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="6904995" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px 0px 20px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><ul style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style-position: inside; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">PostUp</strong> – This command runs before bring up the interface.</li></ul></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8938a4a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="8938a4a" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px 0px 20px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><ul style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style-position: inside; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">PostDown</strong> – This command runs after bring up the interface.</li></ul></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8e4aec6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="8e4aec6" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Next, set proper permission on the key files using the following command.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-13b9c15 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="13b9c15" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-56278f9" data-element_type="column" data-id="56278f9" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-098b389 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="098b389" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">chmod <span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">600</span> <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>etc<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>wireguard<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span><span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">{</span>privatekey<span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">,</span>wg0<span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.</span>conf<span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">}</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c929f24 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="c929f24" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3d1c79e" data-element_type="column" data-id="3d1c79e" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ff88d6e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="ff88d6e" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0b288da elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="0b288da" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-768b348" data-element_type="column" data-id="768b348" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-840d565 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-element_type="widget" data-id="840d565" data-widget_type="heading.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-primary); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-primary-font-weight); line-height: 1; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;">Step 6 - Bringing Up WireGuard Interface</span></h2></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c14e154 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="c14e154" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d490c52" data-element_type="column" data-id="d490c52" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4321c3f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="4321c3f" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">At this point, the WireGuard server is installed and configured. Now you bring up the interface </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">using the following command.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-422ffdb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="422ffdb" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ba03077" data-element_type="column" data-id="ba03077" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-75034cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="75034cd" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">wg<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>quick up wg0<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-857246f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="857246f" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6ec564e" data-element_type="column" data-id="6ec564e" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-9981f25 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="9981f25" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">You will get the following screen.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5f07723 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="5f07723" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dc542e3" data-element_type="column" data-id="dc542e3" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-282a598 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-element_type="widget" data-id="282a598" data-widget_type="image.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihTzi-hCSatMrZgPyTlfG1cMUFHcl6U7ZhgQazyWk0uiS8ABrz-XH4-woRWuKUEwQ0rPWbHdZWm7H0Yh3u-8bWwHCyM1mK7JrhOyeNN7auGyAwrjDkqI6ZJkc8zV0Nk8CnRFd8eDUPlyPKb6Q1TikIig1QOr9WX4wiZL8rgb0Y8rl0lfwU2huE_Y92v3l2/s1032/start-wireguard.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="158" data-original-width="1032" height="138" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihTzi-hCSatMrZgPyTlfG1cMUFHcl6U7ZhgQazyWk0uiS8ABrz-XH4-woRWuKUEwQ0rPWbHdZWm7H0Yh3u-8bWwHCyM1mK7JrhOyeNN7auGyAwrjDkqI6ZJkc8zV0Nk8CnRFd8eDUPlyPKb6Q1TikIig1QOr9WX4wiZL8rgb0Y8rl0lfwU2huE_Y92v3l2/w901-h138/start-wireguard.png" width="901" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: initial; text-align: left;">In order to bring the interface down, run the following command.</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-891f3eb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="891f3eb" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-835f234" data-element_type="column" data-id="835f234" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-e9ba271 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="e9ba271" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">wg<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>quick down wg0<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5d9e5ed elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="5d9e5ed" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-543eec3" data-element_type="column" data-id="543eec3" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-9dfc7e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="9dfc7e4" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Actually, you can also bring up the WireGuard interface via systemd. To start the WireGuard interface, run the </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">following command.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dc1ef72 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="dc1ef72" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-af6115d" data-element_type="column" data-id="af6115d" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b231207 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="b231207" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">systemctl start wg<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>quick@wg0<span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.</span>service<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c747be2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="c747be2" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-da3fb9d" data-element_type="column" data-id="da3fb9d" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b604a97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="b604a97" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Should you want to enable the WireGuard service to start at system reboot, run the following command.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a9ea52d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="a9ea52d" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-41c680b" data-element_type="column" data-id="41c680b" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-640f9c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="640f9c8" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">systemctl enable wg<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>quick@wg0<span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.</span>service<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-52f1063 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="52f1063" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3dd0dba" data-element_type="column" data-id="3dd0dba" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3ff2efd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="3ff2efd" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Verify the status of WireGuard service using the following command.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fab5e18 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="fab5e18" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3353cfe" data-element_type="column" data-id="3353cfe" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0fc9fbb elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="0fc9fbb" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">systemctl status wg<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>quick@wg0<span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.</span>service<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c2ff5a2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="c2ff5a2" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-eddcc25" data-element_type="column" data-id="eddcc25" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-bb56faf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="bb56faf" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If you want to check the interface status, run the following command.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c3f2e55 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="c3f2e55" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-222ebcb" data-element_type="column" data-id="222ebcb" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0b0bee8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="0b0bee8" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">wg show wg0<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-eb86ffd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="eb86ffd" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e349bb8" data-element_type="column" data-id="e349bb8" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0785390 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="0785390" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">You should see the following screen.</p></div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2TQ39ScMyUQ3UndNV4arVA5IX6kJAP95fZWahLOGyrkhDqxr9EyoDF9j6Ux7lBwYqDh-E3fKLuH_poWWUZX-2jqU_u8n6C_5aAGoCFJTUXzlr6lovXVIoJHRutdGstFC7oaBAolZJYaUHeCCBhTpdvpYmNXgshAzNKnUKbY1nRKkObhVpOmGh57H-5Ud4/s851/show-wireguard-interface.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="157" data-original-width="851" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2TQ39ScMyUQ3UndNV4arVA5IX6kJAP95fZWahLOGyrkhDqxr9EyoDF9j6Ux7lBwYqDh-E3fKLuH_poWWUZX-2jqU_u8n6C_5aAGoCFJTUXzlr6lovXVIoJHRutdGstFC7oaBAolZJYaUHeCCBhTpdvpYmNXgshAzNKnUKbY1nRKkObhVpOmGh57H-5Ud4/s16000/show-wireguard-interface.png" /></a></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0174cac elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="0174cac" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b915e7d" data-element_type="column" data-id="b915e7d" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d83185d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="d83185d" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If you want to see the IP address of the WireGuard interface, run the following command.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b0167ce elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="b0167ce" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2ad1f08" data-element_type="column" data-id="2ad1f08" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2ba7190 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="2ba7190" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">ip a show wg0<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f712cc1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="f712cc1" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7ede869" data-element_type="column" data-id="7ede869" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d18d569 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="d18d569" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">This shows you the IP address in the following screen.</p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNEDhSefPL1qmn9K1rBVmTUrPmAH_64D8Y_7jkq3WfKY_w0OwjqhTzRuulJaOrkUjXzuS37qyQXs6GutlnCAs2QvfZHX7NDA4Mz9e5CW-gei0Vgu0_FW-kZ2gEbI_FZxibj1wnurceBB-w0NnEObSo6ZsQX5MKzZf_971MYAkmsZrfXSOr0Hgna3ZD2hKo/s1095/show-wireguard-ip.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="147" data-original-width="1095" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNEDhSefPL1qmn9K1rBVmTUrPmAH_64D8Y_7jkq3WfKY_w0OwjqhTzRuulJaOrkUjXzuS37qyQXs6GutlnCAs2QvfZHX7NDA4Mz9e5CW-gei0Vgu0_FW-kZ2gEbI_FZxibj1wnurceBB-w0NnEObSo6ZsQX5MKzZf_971MYAkmsZrfXSOr0Hgna3ZD2hKo/s16000/show-wireguard-ip.png" /></a></div><p></p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: initial; font-size: x-large;">Step 7 - Setting Up WireGuard Client</span></p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3160ddb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="3160ddb" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cc30cb0" data-element_type="column" data-id="cc30cb0" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a41078a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="a41078a" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">In this section, we navigate you through steps how to install and configure WireGuard VPN client.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8e29f1e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="8e29f1e" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-420ad6d" data-element_type="column" data-id="420ad6d" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-97d139b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="97d139b" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">First, go to the client machine and install the WireGuard with the following command.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9438f41 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="9438f41" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2eef3a5" data-element_type="column" data-id="2eef3a5" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-fd30dd9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="fd30dd9" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">apt install wireguard <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>y<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d9a6a2e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="d9a6a2e" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2699797" data-element_type="column" data-id="2699797" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d03a889 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="d03a889" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">After installing the WireGuard VPN package, generate a private and public key using the following command.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-feca657 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="feca657" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2b989c0" data-element_type="column" data-id="2b989c0" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6207b76 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="6207b76" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">wg genkey <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">|</span> tee <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>etc<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>wireguard<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>privatekey <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">|</span> wg pubkey <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">|</span> tee <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>etc<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>wireguard<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>publickey<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4def2c9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="4def2c9" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ce6363a" data-element_type="column" data-id="ce6363a" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6cffbe9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="6cffbe9" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">You should see the following output.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7f6be10 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="7f6be10" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d1e2718" data-element_type="column" data-id="d1e2718" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4753372 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="4753372" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">RSDjZMSOplyU5jdIOwqn6D2DnNQfja8FtB<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">+</span><span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">6</span>uook8iU<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">=</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-181f3d3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="181f3d3" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8d045d4" data-element_type="column" data-id="8d045d4" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8c7512d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="8c7512d" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Now, verify the content of both key using the following command.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5e8b8ba elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="5e8b8ba" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7377014" data-element_type="column" data-id="7377014" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7937f54 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="7937f54" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">cat <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>etc<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>wireguard<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>privatekey <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>etc<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>wireguard<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>publickey<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-013a1aa elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="013a1aa" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4c9c616" data-element_type="column" data-id="4c9c616" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ac1f70c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="ac1f70c" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Now you shall get the content of both files as shown below.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c5383ba elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="c5383ba" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ca19574" data-element_type="column" data-id="ca19574" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d4388bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="d4388bd" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">uK0ez93bCssvk4<span class="token comment" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: slategrey; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">//SO3jg2DWjL1EaVwfJR39m/rVK10=</span>
RSDjZMSOplyU5jdIOwqn6D2DnNQfja8FtB<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">+</span><span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">6</span>uook8iU<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">=</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b13a36b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="b13a36b" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-66944dc" data-element_type="column" data-id="66944dc" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ce87ec1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="ce87ec1" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Next, create a WireGuard client configuration file with the following command.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7701002 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="7701002" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d9e776c" data-element_type="column" data-id="d9e776c" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-737405e elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="737405e" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">nano <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>etc<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>wireguard<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>wg0<span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.</span>conf<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a500cd7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="a500cd7" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-73f6f35" data-element_type="column" data-id="73f6f35" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8c2fe44 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="8c2fe44" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Add the following configurations.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-67b23d8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="67b23d8" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9300faf" data-element_type="column" data-id="9300faf" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ec326ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="ec326ff" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">[</span>Interface<span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">]</span>
PrivateKey <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">=</span> uK0ez93bCssvk4<span class="token comment" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: slategrey; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">//SO3jg2DWjL1EaVwfJR39m/rVK10=</span>
Address <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">=</span> <span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">10.0</span><span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.0</span><span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.2</span><span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span><span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">24</span>
<span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">[</span>Peer<span class="token punctuation" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">]</span>
PublicKey <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">=</span> Nt<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>YhewkYGaZChkVXiUXduHY5WTWa1<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span>TLW1UVu5Ut1I<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">=</span>
Endpoint <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">=</span> <span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">209.23</span><span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.9</span><span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.83</span><span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">:</span><span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">51820</span>
AllowedIPs <span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">=</span> <span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">0.0</span><span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.0</span><span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.0</span><span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">/</span><span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">0</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-994b6ac elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="994b6ac" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-52b640e" data-element_type="column" data-id="52b640e" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-58c8865 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="58c8865" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Save and close the file when you are done.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4fdb7e6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="4fdb7e6" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-05e1682" data-element_type="column" data-id="05e1682" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d38bca2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="d38bca2" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">A brief summary of each options is shown below.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-14d24aa elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="14d24aa" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-57804b2" data-element_type="column" data-id="57804b2" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-17401d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="17401d9" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px 0px 20px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><ul style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style-position: inside; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">PrivateKey</strong> – Define the private key of client machine.</li></ul></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b0530c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="b0530c7" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px 0px 20px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><ul style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style-position: inside; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Address</strong> – Define the private IP address range.</li></ul></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ffe7572 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="ffe7572" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px 0px 20px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><ul style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style-position: inside; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">PublicKey</strong> – Define the public key of server.</li></ul></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-89d283e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="89d283e" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px 0px 20px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><ul style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style-position: inside; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Endpoint</strong> – Define the IP address of WireGuard server.</li></ul></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ef98003 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="ef98003" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><ul style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style-position: inside; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">AllowedIPs</strong> – Define the list of allowed IPs.</li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d311248 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="d311248" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-99547b4" data-element_type="column" data-id="99547b4" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6e37793 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="6e37793" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Concurrently, next is to add the client peer to the server machine. Add it by running the following command on the server machine.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-83c3c8b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="83c3c8b" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-aa41d08" data-element_type="column" data-id="aa41d08" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d5e22cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="d5e22cb" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">wg <span class="token keyword" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0077aa; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">set</span> wg0 peer RSDjZMSOplyU5jdIOwqn6D2DnNQfja8FtB<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">+</span><span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">6</span>uook8iU<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">=</span> allowed<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>ips <span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">10.0</span><span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.0</span><span class="token number" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #990055; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">.2</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fddb82a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="fddb82a" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8b5d6ac" data-element_type="column" data-id="8b5d6ac" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-852db0a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="852db0a" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Finally, bring up the WireGuard interface using the following command.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a1f6ed1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="a1f6ed1" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0698a24" data-element_type="column" data-id="0698a24" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3ba6af9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="3ba6af9" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">wg<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>quick up wg0<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-868ae81 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="868ae81" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e2b7461" data-element_type="column" data-id="e2b7461" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c858cc5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="c858cc5" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">You should see the following screen.</p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjY3DNEj9JZxljJsp3-OEXV6HaNUzbc4t6jPsqAvrBtUfdZ1WJnTD3zRK-XeW91dpl3peCHrAZBmZnATIw6XnwELs0hHAyw8UvQ9x2NpeB6R3G-Y2qM0iIzhv_sDllAurF1DX56V3iT4Xvmv48S94vD3NuZ16dN-rLzQThH-oGvfW62gAMVnHD-zF2pL9JQ/s941/connect-client-machine-to-wireguard-server.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="134" data-original-width="941" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjY3DNEj9JZxljJsp3-OEXV6HaNUzbc4t6jPsqAvrBtUfdZ1WJnTD3zRK-XeW91dpl3peCHrAZBmZnATIw6XnwELs0hHAyw8UvQ9x2NpeB6R3G-Y2qM0iIzhv_sDllAurF1DX56V3iT4Xvmv48S94vD3NuZ16dN-rLzQThH-oGvfW62gAMVnHD-zF2pL9JQ/s16000/connect-client-machine-to-wireguard-server.png" /></a></div><p></p><br /><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7fe09b1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="7fe09b1" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9ee733b" data-element_type="column" data-id="9ee733b" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a55eff2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="a55eff2" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Now, go back to your server machine and verify the WireGuard connection status using the following command.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-238fe14 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="238fe14" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-395b897" data-element_type="column" data-id="395b897" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-afcd615 elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="afcd615" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">wg<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1d872a6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="1d872a6" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9a19e8d" data-element_type="column" data-id="9a19e8d" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-69a1c71 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="69a1c71" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">You should see the WireGuard connection information in the following screen.</p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhk6u99cOLzdXVplP5XyoASOvPkksvig7XtujtKz3RMh97zgABZjG3otirDrD8UUQ5TK29pkW4E5bKxd641G7YS4UYHctxzBudDRa8VWo8EJW2FhFnSlkisw7cYyaI7-3CErRrvCtQr-VfO3zNrvmdAdmHh-rakF2XhmM3zn_vv4scJFVihO16l6omjrB-Z/s975/verify-wireguard-connection.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="199" data-original-width="975" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhk6u99cOLzdXVplP5XyoASOvPkksvig7XtujtKz3RMh97zgABZjG3otirDrD8UUQ5TK29pkW4E5bKxd641G7YS4UYHctxzBudDRa8VWo8EJW2FhFnSlkisw7cYyaI7-3CErRrvCtQr-VfO3zNrvmdAdmHh-rakF2XhmM3zn_vv4scJFVihO16l6omjrB-Z/s16000/verify-wireguard-connection.png" /></a></div><br /><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1c0c679 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="1c0c679" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e5a84b2" data-element_type="column" data-id="e5a84b2" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a0eeddc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="a0eeddc" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If you want to disconnect from the VPN connection, run the following command on the client machine.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4e5f2b9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="4e5f2b9" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5c633d6" data-element_type="column" data-id="5c633d6" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b51b7fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-code-highlight" data-element_type="widget" data-id="b51b7fc" data-widget_type="code-highlight.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="prismjs-default copy-to-clipboard" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class="highlight-height line-numbers language-javascript" data-line="" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 1em 1em 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class="language-javascript" readonly="true" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", "Ubuntu Mono", monospace; font-size: 1em; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: inherit; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;">wg<span class="token operator" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #9a6e3a; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">-</span>quick down wg0<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: -3.8em; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="toolbar" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 0.2em; top: 0.3em; transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="toolbar-item" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><button style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: rgba(224, 224, 224, 0.2); border-color: initial; border-radius: 0.5em; border-style: initial; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 2px 0px 0px; color: #bbbbbb; font-family: inherit; font-feature-settings: inherit; font-kerning: inherit; font-optical-sizing: inherit; font-size: 0.8em; font-stretch: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-variation-settings: inherit; font-weight: inherit; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em; user-select: none;" type="button">Copy</button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ab2eba0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="ab2eba0" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); font-size: 14px; order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5d15345" data-element_type="column" data-id="5d15345" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-dde406d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="dde406d" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></p></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4f1a08c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="4f1a08c" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5a7fe06" data-element_type="column" data-id="5a7fe06" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-795b3f3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-element_type="widget" data-id="795b3f3" data-widget_type="heading.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-primary); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-primary-font-weight); line-height: 1; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;">How to Install WireGuard on Ubuntu 20.04 / 22.04 (Step by </span></h2><h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large" style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-primary); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-primary-font-weight); line-height: 1; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-size: large;">Step) Conclusion</span></h2></div></div></div></div></div></section><section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ab7c8e2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-element_type="section" data-id="ab7c8e2" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; align-self: var(--align-self); box-sizing: border-box; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); order: var(--order); position: relative;"><div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 1140px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bd45f2d" data-element_type="column" data-id="bd45f2d" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); margin: 0px; min-height: 1px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: flex-start; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 10px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1100px;"><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d86237e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="d86237e" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px 0px 20px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Summing up, in this guide, we explained how to install WireGuard on Ubuntu 20.04 / 22.04. Use </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">WireGuard VPN to surf the internet anonymously by keeping your traffic private.</p></div></div><div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f239e61 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-element_type="widget" data-id="f239e61" data-widget_type="text-editor.default" style="--align-content: initial; --align-items: initial; --align-self: initial; --flex-basis: initial; --flex-direction: initial; --flex-grow: initial; --flex-shrink: initial; --flex-wrap: initial; --gap: initial; --justify-content: initial; --order: initial; --swiper-navigation-size: 44px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-horizontal-gap: 6px; --swiper-pagination-bullet-size: 6px; --swiper-theme-color: #000; --widgets-spacing: 20px; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; align-content: var(--align-content); align-items: var(--align-items); align-self: var(--align-self); background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--e-global-color-text); flex-basis: var(--flex-basis); flex-direction: var(--flex-direction); flex-grow: var(--flex-grow); flex-shrink: var(--flex-shrink); flex-wrap: var(--flex-wrap); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ),Sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-weight: var(--e-global-typography-text-font-weight); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: var(--justify-content); margin: 0px; order: var(--order); outline: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1080px;"><div class="elementor-widget-container" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: background .3s,border .3s,border-radius .3s,box-shadow .3s,transform var(--e-transform-transition-duration,.4s); vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Finally, you shall look no further than WireGuard for a state of the art VPN service. When compared to similar</p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> products, it outperforms the competition. This lightweight protocol is also rather secure. So, if you’re still </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">struggling with slow or unreliable VPN connections or if you’re simply looking for a better way to protect your </p><p style="background: 0px 0px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">online privacy, give WireGuard VPN a try.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section></div></div></div></div></div></div></section></div></div></div>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-84560931173734951452023-02-01T00:47:00.001+06:002023-10-08T00:49:05.046+06:00How to Backup MikroTik Configuration [Export MikroTik Backup]<p> <span style="color: #525252; font-family: Ubuntu; font-size: 18px;">Making backups and saving MikroTik configuration backup is one of the most important parts of MikroTik usage. Follow these 6 simple steps to create MikroTik backup and export MikroTik backup on your local device.</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #525252; font-family: Ubuntu; font-size: 18px; line-height: 2; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0px; padding: 0px 30px; width: 836.5px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Step 1: </span>Log in to your MikroTik OS with a Winbox application with a user that has admin privileges.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #525252; font-family: Ubuntu; font-size: 18px; line-height: 2; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0px; padding: 0px 30px; width: 836.5px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Step 2: </span>Click on the <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Files</span> menu on the left side of the screen. A window should pop up with all your files.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #525252; font-family: Ubuntu; font-size: 18px; line-height: 2; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0px; padding: 0px 30px; width: 836.5px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Step 3: </span>Click on the <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Backup</span> button at the top of the files window. Another pop-up should appear.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #525252; font-family: Ubuntu; font-size: 18px; line-height: 2; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0px; padding: 0px 30px; width: 836.5px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Step 4: </span>Within this pop-up, type the backup file name.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #525252; font-family: Ubuntu; font-size: 18px; line-height: 2; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0px; padding: 0px 30px; width: 836.5px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Step 6: </span>For further security, set a <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">password</em> for the backup file.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #525252; font-family: Ubuntu; font-size: 18px; line-height: 2; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0px; padding: 0px 30px; width: 836.5px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Step 6: </span>Click on <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Backup</span>, and the file will be ready.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><img alt="Export MikroTik Backup" height="355" src="https://monovm.com/uploads/tinymce/Suno/2021/04/26/60862c4beb536-backup-mikrotik.webp" style="border-style: none; box-sizing: border-box; display: block; height: auto; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle;" width="643" /></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #525252; font-family: Ubuntu; font-size: 18px; line-height: 2; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0px; padding: 0px 30px; width: 836.5px;">Now, simply save MikroTik backup file somewhere easily accessible so that you can restore the MikroTik backup in case of a data loss event.</p><h2 class="link-id" id="Conclusion" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #585858; font-family: Ubuntu; font-size: 32px; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 25px; margin-top: 0px; padding: 0px 30px; width: 836.5px;">Conclusion</h2><p style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #525252; font-family: Ubuntu; font-size: 18px; line-height: 2; margin-bottom: 1rem; margin-top: 0px; padding: 0px 30px; width: 836.5px;">If you were previously unfamiliar with the concept or process of backups, we hope you learned a new neat computer feature that you will start using more, as well as why it is so important to frequently create backups of your files. We are also happy to present this short yet comprehensive tutorial on <em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">how to backup MikroTik configuration</span></em>. In this way, you can easily secure your MikroTik server. If you have any questions or have any issues, leave a comment below, and we will respond as soon as possible.</p>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-2795589119322369962023-01-06T22:30:00.002+06:002023-11-09T20:03:26.764+06:00CentOS 8 Set Up OpenVPN Server In 5 Minutes<p> <span face="Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif" style="color: #111111; font-size: 18px;">The steps are as follows:</span></p><p class="note" style="background-color: #ccf1ff; color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; padding: 19px;">Please note that <kbd style="background-color: #f7f7f7; border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) 0px 1px 0px, rgb(250, 250, 250) 0px 0px 0px 1px inset, rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 0px 0px 1px inset; color: #4e4e4e; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; margin: 0px 1px; padding: 4px 7px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{<span style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">root</span>@centos8:~ }$</span></strong></kbd> is my shell prompt and is not part of actual commands. In other words, you need to copy and paste command after my shell prompt.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiI8xSSe46Fd1OZnQJpeLeoVsXMfTHIkP3ZMJJIVOf6Tcr2HvgW1aMIgYR7LBZbB-DPp-AYW0SJl_dUcgBGdvsoy1ip2PwSH-sR69meN9coqc0ZxKHCyCRTXLFJXgFwCWFN3RqBXjVvRSA0_sgvefYgGRLZYZN2XJ_B3wTIX_Z8I9HRX9uauNLSZHiyfneR/s884/openvpn.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="258" data-original-width="884" height="93" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiI8xSSe46Fd1OZnQJpeLeoVsXMfTHIkP3ZMJJIVOf6Tcr2HvgW1aMIgYR7LBZbB-DPp-AYW0SJl_dUcgBGdvsoy1ip2PwSH-sR69meN9coqc0ZxKHCyCRTXLFJXgFwCWFN3RqBXjVvRSA0_sgvefYgGRLZYZN2XJ_B3wTIX_Z8I9HRX9uauNLSZHiyfneR/s320/openvpn.png" width="320" /></a></div><h3 style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 29px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 46px; margin: 30px -198px 12px; padding: 0px; text-align: center;">Step 1 – Update your system</h3><p style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;">Run the dnf command or yum command to install CentOS 8 security updates:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8:~ }$</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> sudo dnf update</strong></code>OR<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8:~ }$</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> sudo yum update</strong></code><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Next, install tar on CentOS and also install wget on CentOS 8<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8:~ }$</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> sudo yum install tar wget</strong></code></p><h3 style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 29px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 46px; margin: 30px -198px 12px; padding: 0px; text-align: center;"><a name="Find_IPv4/IPv6_IP_address" style="color: #2692f0; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline;"></a>Step 2 – Find and note down your server’s IPv4 or IPv6 address</h3><p style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;">Use the ip command as follows:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{</span><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">root@centos8:~ }$</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> ip a</strong></code><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8:~ }$</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> ip a show eth0</strong></code><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><img alt="Find CentOS 8 Linux server IP address" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-148630 entered lazyloaded" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 599px) 100vw, 599px" data-lazy-src="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/Find-CentOS-8-Linux-server-IP-address.png" data-lazy-srcset="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/Find-CentOS-8-Linux-server-IP-address.png 599w, https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/Find-CentOS-8-Linux-server-IP-address-300x107.png 300w" data-ll-status="loaded" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" height="214" sizes="(max-width: 599px) 100vw, 599px" src="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/Find-CentOS-8-Linux-server-IP-address.png" srcset="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/Find-CentOS-8-Linux-server-IP-address.png 599w, https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/Find-CentOS-8-Linux-server-IP-address-300x107.png 300w" style="border: 0px; display: block; float: none; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 30px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; text-align: center;" width="599" /><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />We can try the following dig command/host command to find out your public IP address from Linux command line:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8:~ }$</span> <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">dig +short myip.opendns.com @resolver1.opendns.com</strong></code>OR<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8:~ }$</span> <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">dig -4 TXT +short o-o.myaddr.l.google.com @ns1.google.com | awk -F'"' '{ print $2 }'</strong></code><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Sample outputs:</p><pre style="background-color: #eeeeee; color: #111111; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px; tab-size: 4;">172.105.120.133</pre><p style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;">Please note down 172.105.120.133 IP address. You need to replace this one with your actual IPv4.</p><h4 style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 23px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 38px; margin: 0px 0px 7px; padding: 0px;">A note about your IPv4 and IPv6 address</h4><p style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;">Most cloud servers have two types of IP address:</p><ol style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 30px 30px; padding: 0px;"><li style="margin: 0px 0px 12px; padding: 0px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Public static IP address directly</strong> assigned to your box and routed from the Internet. For example, Linode, Digital Ocean, and others give you direct public IPv4/IPv6 address.</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Private static IP address directly attached to your server and <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">your server is behind NAT with public IP</strong> address. For example, AWS EC2/Lightsail, Google Cloud and others provide you this kind of NAT public IP address.</li></ol><p style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;">The script will automatically detect your networking setup. All you have to do is provide a correct IPv4 or IPv6 address when asked for it. Hence, we used the above command to determine our IP address in advance.</p><h3 style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 29px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 46px; margin: 30px -198px 12px; padding: 0px; text-align: center;"><a name="Install_OpenVPN" style="color: #2692f0; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline;"></a>Step 3 – Download and run centos-8-vpn.sh script</h3><p style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;">I am going to use the wget command:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8:~ }$</span> <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Angristan/openvpn-install/master/openvpn-install.sh -O centos-8-vpn.sh</strong></code><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Make sure you set up permissions using the chmod command:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8:~ }$</span> <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">chmod +x centos-8-vpn.sh</strong></code><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />One can view the script using a text editor such as vim/vi too :<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8:~ }$</span> <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">vim centos-8-vpn.sh</strong></code><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><img alt="Downloading CentOS Linux 8 OpenVPN script" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-148631 entered lazyloaded" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 599px) 100vw, 599px" data-lazy-src="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/Downloading-CentOS-Linux-8-OpenVPN-script.png" data-lazy-srcset="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/Downloading-CentOS-Linux-8-OpenVPN-script.png 599w, https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/Downloading-CentOS-Linux-8-OpenVPN-script-300x219.png 300w" data-ll-status="loaded" decoding="async" height="437" sizes="(max-width: 599px) 100vw, 599px" src="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/Downloading-CentOS-Linux-8-OpenVPN-script.png" srcset="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/Downloading-CentOS-Linux-8-OpenVPN-script.png 599w, https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/Downloading-CentOS-Linux-8-OpenVPN-script-300x219.png 300w" style="border: 0px; display: block; float: none; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 30px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; text-align: center;" width="599" /></p><h4 style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 23px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 38px; margin: 0px 0px 7px; padding: 0px;">Installing OpenVPN server on CentOS 8 Linux using the centos-8-vpn.sh</h4><p style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;">Now all you have to do is run shell script on Linux:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8:~ }$</span> <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">sudo ./centos-8-vpn.sh</strong></code><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Sample session from my <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Linode cloud server with <span style="color: #009900; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">direct public IPv4 address</span></strong>:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><img alt="CentOS 8 Set Up OpenVPN yum command" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-148633 entered lazyloaded" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 599px) 100vw, 599px" data-lazy-src="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/CentOS-8-Set-Up-OpenVPN-yum-command.png" data-lazy-srcset="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/CentOS-8-Set-Up-OpenVPN-yum-command.png 599w, https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/CentOS-8-Set-Up-OpenVPN-yum-command-253x300.png 253w" data-ll-status="loaded" decoding="async" height="709" sizes="(max-width: 599px) 100vw, 599px" src="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/CentOS-8-Set-Up-OpenVPN-yum-command.png" srcset="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/CentOS-8-Set-Up-OpenVPN-yum-command.png 599w, https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/CentOS-8-Set-Up-OpenVPN-yum-command-253x300.png 253w" style="border: 0px; display: block; float: none; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 30px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; text-align: center;" width="599" /><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Sample session <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">from AWS/Lightsail where my cloud server is <span style="color: #6666cc; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">behind NAT</span></strong>:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><img alt="AWS CentOS Linux 8 server with NAT IPv4 address" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-148632 entered lazyloaded" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 599px) 100vw, 599px" data-lazy-src="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/AWS-CentOS-Linux-8-server-with-NAT-IPv4-address-.png" data-lazy-srcset="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/AWS-CentOS-Linux-8-server-with-NAT-IPv4-address-.png 599w, https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/AWS-CentOS-Linux-8-server-with-NAT-IPv4-address--243x300.png 243w" data-ll-status="loaded" decoding="async" height="741" sizes="(max-width: 599px) 100vw, 599px" src="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/AWS-CentOS-Linux-8-server-with-NAT-IPv4-address-.png" srcset="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/AWS-CentOS-Linux-8-server-with-NAT-IPv4-address-.png 599w, https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/AWS-CentOS-Linux-8-server-with-NAT-IPv4-address--243x300.png 243w" style="border: 0px; display: block; float: none; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 30px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; text-align: center;" width="599" /></p><h4 style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 23px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 38px; margin: 0px 0px 7px; padding: 0px;">Desktop or Mobile client configuration</h4><p style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;">When VPN server configuration done, we can create a desktop/mobile client VPN configuration file. You will be prompted as follows:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /></p><div class="wp-caption aligncenter" id="attachment_148634" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #828282; float: none; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 30px; max-width: 100%; padding: 19px; text-align: center; width: 609px;"><img alt="OpenVPN Mobile or Desktop Client Configuration with or without a password" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-148634" class="size-full wp-image-148634 entered lazyloaded" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 599px) 100vw, 599px" data-lazy-src="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/OpenVPN-Mobile-or-Desktop-Client-Configuration-with-or-without-a-password.png" data-lazy-srcset="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/OpenVPN-Mobile-or-Desktop-Client-Configuration-with-or-without-a-password.png 599w, https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/OpenVPN-Mobile-or-Desktop-Client-Configuration-with-or-without-a-password-300x198.png 300w" data-ll-status="loaded" decoding="async" height="396" sizes="(max-width: 599px) 100vw, 599px" src="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/OpenVPN-Mobile-or-Desktop-Client-Configuration-with-or-without-a-password.png" srcset="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/OpenVPN-Mobile-or-Desktop-Client-Configuration-with-or-without-a-password.png 599w, https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/OpenVPN-Mobile-or-Desktop-Client-Configuration-with-or-without-a-password-300x198.png 300w" style="border: 0px; display: block; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 19px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px;" width="599" /><p class="wp-caption-text" id="caption-attachment-148634" style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 25px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Do you want to protect the VPN configuration file with a password?</p></div><h4 style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 23px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 38px; margin: 0px 0px 7px; padding: 0px;">How do I start/stop/restart OpenVPN server on CentOS 8 ?</h4><p style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;"><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">#--- Stop the server ---#</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8:~ }$</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> sudo systemctl <span style="color: red; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">stop</span> openvpn-server@server.service</strong><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">#--- Start the server ---#</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8:~ }$</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> sudo systemctl <span style="color: #009900; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">start</span> openvpn-server@server.service</strong><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">#--- Restart the server ---#</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8:~ }$</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> sudo systemctl <span style="color: #009900; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">restart</span> openvpn-server@server.service</strong><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">#--- Get the server status ---#</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8:~ }$</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> sudo systemctl <span style="color: #993399; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">status</span> openvpn-server@server.service</strong></code><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><img alt="OpenVPN running on CentOS 8" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-148635 entered lazyloaded" data-lazy-sizes="(max-width: 599px) 100vw, 599px" data-lazy-src="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/OpenVPN-running-on-CentOS-8.png" data-lazy-srcset="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/OpenVPN-running-on-CentOS-8.png 599w, https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/OpenVPN-running-on-CentOS-8-300x205.png 300w" data-ll-status="loaded" decoding="async" height="409" sizes="(max-width: 599px) 100vw, 599px" src="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/OpenVPN-running-on-CentOS-8.png" srcset="https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/OpenVPN-running-on-CentOS-8.png 599w, https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2020/03/OpenVPN-running-on-CentOS-8-300x205.png 300w" style="border: 0px; display: block; float: none; height: auto; margin: 0px auto 30px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; text-align: center;" width="599" /></p><h3 style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 29px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 46px; margin: 30px -198px 12px; padding: 0px; text-align: center;"><a name="OpenVPN_client_configuration" style="color: #2692f0; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline;"></a>Step 4 – Connect an OpenVPN server using IOS/Android/Linux/MS-Windows client</h3><p style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;">On server your will find a client configuration file called ~/DesktopVPNClient.ovpn. All you have to do is copy this file to your local desktop using the scp command:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8:~ }$</span> <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">scp vivek@172.105.120.136:~/DesktopVPNClient.ovpn .</strong></code><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Next, provide this file to your OpenVPN client for connection purposes:</p><ol style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 30px 30px; padding: 0px;"><li style="margin: 0px 0px 12px; padding: 0px;">Download <a href="https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/openvpn-connect/id590379981?mt=8" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="color: #2692f0; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" target="_blank">Apple iOS client</a> from Apple App store</li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 12px; padding: 0px;">Grab <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=net.openvpn.openvpn&hl=en" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="color: #2692f0; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" target="_blank">Android client</a> from Google Play store</li><li style="margin: 0px 0px 12px; padding: 0px;"><a href="https://tunnelblick.net/" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="color: #2692f0; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" target="_blank">Apple MacOS (OS X) client</a></li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Microsoft <a href="https://openvpn.net/index.php/open-source/downloads.html" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="color: #2692f0; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" target="_blank">Windows 8/10 client</a></li></ol><h4 style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 23px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 38px; margin: 0px 0px 7px; padding: 0px;">OpenVPN Linux desktop client configuration</h4><p style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;">First, install the openvpn client for your desktop, enter:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8-client:~ }$</span> <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">sudo yum install openvpn</strong></code><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />For Debian/Ubuntu Linux try the apt command/apt-get command:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@debian-client:~ }$</span> <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">sudo apt install openvpn</strong></code><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Next, copy DesktopVPNClient.ovpn as follows:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8-client:~ }$</span> <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">sudo cp DesktopVPNClient.ovpn /etc/openvpn/client.conf</strong></code><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Test connectivity from the CLI:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8-client:~ }$</span> <strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">sudo openvpn --client --config /etc/openvpn/desktop.conf</strong></code><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />Our Linux desktop system will automatically connect when computer restart using openvpn script/service:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8-client:~ }$</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> sudo systemctl start openvpn@client</strong></code></p><h3 style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 29px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 46px; margin: 30px -198px 12px; padding: 0px; text-align: center;"><a name="Verify_the_connectivity" style="color: #2692f0; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline;"></a>Step 5 – Verify/test the connectivity</h3><p style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;">Execute the following commands after connecting to OpenVPN server from your Linux desktop client:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">#Ping to the OpenVPN server gateway</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8-client:~ }$</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> ping 10.8.0.1</strong><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">#Make sure routing setup working</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8-client:~ }$</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> ip route</strong><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">#Must return public IP address of OpenVPN server</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{root@centos8-client:~ }$</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> dig TXT +short o-o.myaddr.l.google.com @ns1.google.com</strong></code></p><h3 style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 29px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 46px; margin: 30px -198px 12px; padding: 0px; text-align: center;"><a name="How_top_add_or_remove_OpenVPN_client" style="color: #2692f0; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline;"></a>Step 6 – How to add or remove OpenVPN client</h3><p style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;">Log in to your CentOS 8 Linux server and run the script again:<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><code style="background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); border-radius: 7px; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); clear: both; display: block; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin: 0px 1px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px;"><span style="color: #999999; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">{v@centos8:~ }$</span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> sudo ./centos-8-vpn.sh</strong></code><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />You will see option as follows:</p><pre style="background-color: #eeeeee; color: #111111; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, Monaco, "andale mono", Courier, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 19px; tab-size: 4;">Welcome to OpenVPN-install!
The git repository is available at: https://github.com/angristan/openvpn-install
It looks like OpenVPN is already installed.
What do you want to do?
1) Add a new user
2) Revoke existing user
3) Remove OpenVPN
4) Exit
Select an option [1-4]:
</pre><p style="color: #111111; font-family: Arial, "helvetica neue", Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; padding: 0px;">Choose an option as per your needs.</p>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-81936449578574576642022-09-16T20:58:00.004+06:002023-11-09T20:05:22.756+06:00Simple Watchdog script<p> <span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: NonBreakingSpaceOverride, "Hoefler Text", Garamond, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 22px;">I will give an example of a simple script for restarting services if they are not running and sending a notification by email:</span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTGKwyOOUoFFNVOrub_Xf5YnY9aTNt8WUJ6JfcF0NXFgWY-WMWiD15sJG_Adlvbw-8TWMdWw0p__pKwvfK_d_sC62rKrMX54WgATYS-L-_ashko9hIOkKjceNKuFzVunkL7G-Gt6n05mZvNk4cEa3W4-6JH0GVMckVk0TWvbRCRRHphl4bmLZvJt1ULoEG/s273/images.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="184" data-original-width="273" height="184" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTGKwyOOUoFFNVOrub_Xf5YnY9aTNt8WUJ6JfcF0NXFgWY-WMWiD15sJG_Adlvbw-8TWMdWw0p__pKwvfK_d_sC62rKrMX54WgATYS-L-_ashko9hIOkKjceNKuFzVunkL7G-Gt6n05mZvNk4cEa3W4-6JH0GVMckVk0TWvbRCRRHphl4bmLZvJt1ULoEG/s1600/images.jpeg" width="273" /></a></div><br /><span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: NonBreakingSpaceOverride, "Hoefler Text", Garamond, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 22px;"><br /></span><p></p><span id="more-23520" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #111111; font-family: NonBreakingSpaceOverride, "Hoefler Text", Garamond, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 22px; margin: 32px 0px; max-width: calc(50vw - 28px);"></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: NonBreakingSpaceOverride, "Hoefler Text", Garamond, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 22px;"></span><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #111111; font-family: NonBreakingSpaceOverride, "Hoefler Text", Garamond, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 22px; margin: 32px 0px; max-width: calc(50vw - 28px);"><div style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter bash" id="highlighter_704494" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1em; margin: 1em 0px; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 0.5em 1em; position: relative; width: 932px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: none; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; table-layout: auto; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1693.23px;"><tbody style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><tr style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><td class="gutter" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #afafaf; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto; word-break: break-all;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-radius: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0px; position: static; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;">1</div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-radius: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0px; position: static; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;">2</div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-radius: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0px; position: static; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;">3</div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-radius: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0px; position: static; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;">4</div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-radius: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0px; position: static; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;">5</div><div class="line number6 index5 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-radius: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0px; position: static; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;">6</div><div class="line number7 index6 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-radius: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0px; position: static; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;">7</div><div class="line number8 index7 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-radius: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0px; position: static; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;">8</div><div class="line number9 index8 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-radius: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0px; position: static; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;">9</div><div class="line number10 index9 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-radius: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0px; position: static; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;">10</div><div class="line number11 index10 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-radius: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0px; position: static; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;">11</div><div class="line number12 index11 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-radius: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0px; position: static; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;">12</div><div class="line number13 index12 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-radius: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0px; position: static; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;">13</div><div class="line number14 index13 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-radius: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0px; position: static; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;">14</div><div class="line number15 index14 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-radius: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0px; position: static; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;">15</div><div class="line number16 index15 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-radius: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0px; position: static; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;">16</div><div class="line number17 index16 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-radius: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0px; position: static; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;">17</div><div class="line number18 index17 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-radius: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0px; position: static; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;">18</div></td><td class="code" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1633.03px; word-break: break-all;"><div class="container" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash preprocessor bold" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: grey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; font-weight: bold; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">#!/bin/bash</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">SERVICES=</code><code class="bash string" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: blue; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">"ssh apache2 zabbix-server zabbix-agent mysql smbd nmbd asterisk"</code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">DATE=$(</code><code class="bash functions" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: deeppink; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">date</code> <code class="bash string" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: blue; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">'+%d-%m-%Y %H:%M:%S'</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">)</code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"> </div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash keyword" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #006699; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; font-weight: bold; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">for</code> <code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">SERVICE </code><code class="bash keyword" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #006699; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; font-weight: bold; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">in</code> <code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">${SERVICES}</code></div><div class="line number6 index5 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash spaces" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"> </code><code class="bash keyword" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #006699; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; font-weight: bold; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">do</code></div><div class="line number7 index6 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash spaces" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"> </code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">service $SERVICE status 2>&1></code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">/dev/null</code></div><div class="line number8 index7 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash spaces" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"> </code><code class="bash keyword" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #006699; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; font-weight: bold; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">if</code> <code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">[ $? -</code><code class="bash keyword" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #006699; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; font-weight: bold; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">ne</code> <code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">0 ];</code></div><div class="line number9 index8 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash spaces" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"> </code><code class="bash keyword" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #006699; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; font-weight: bold; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">then</code></div><div class="line number10 index9 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash spaces" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"> </code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">service $SERVICE stop</code></div><div class="line number11 index10 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash spaces" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"> </code><code class="bash functions" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: deeppink; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">sleep</code> <code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">3</code></div><div class="line number12 index11 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash spaces" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"> </code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">service $SERVICE start</code></div><div class="line number13 index12 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash spaces" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"> </code><code class="bash functions" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: deeppink; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">echo</code> <code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">-e </code><code class="bash string" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: blue; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">"Starting $SERVICE"</code></div><div class="line number14 index13 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash spaces" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"> </code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">(</code><code class="bash functions" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: deeppink; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">echo</code> <code class="bash string" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: blue; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">"Subject:Restarting $SERVICE"</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">; </code><code class="bash functions" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: deeppink; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">echo</code> <code class="bash string" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: blue; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">"$DATE $SERVICE is not running on $HOSTNAME! Restarting!"</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">;) | sendmail </code><code class="bash functions" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: deeppink; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">test</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">@ixnfo.com</code></div><div class="line number15 index14 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash spaces" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"> </code><code class="bash keyword" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #006699; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; font-weight: bold; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">else</code></div><div class="line number16 index15 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash spaces" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"> </code><code class="bash functions" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: deeppink; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">echo</code> <code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">-e </code><code class="bash string" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: blue; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">"$SERVICE OK"</code></div><div class="line number17 index16 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash spaces" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"> </code><code class="bash keyword" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #006699; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; font-weight: bold; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">fi</code></div><div class="line number18 index17 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash keyword" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #006699; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; font-weight: bold; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">done</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #111111; font-family: NonBreakingSpaceOverride, "Hoefler Text", Garamond, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 22px; margin: 32px 0px; max-width: calc(50vw - 28px); overflow-wrap: break-word;">In the script, specify the email on which you want to receive notifications, and in the “SERVICES” list of services through the space that you want to check.<br style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" />I first stopped the service in order to surely stop all possible processes, paused for 3 seconds and then started, because with the restart command, some highly loaded services could not start correctly and hang with the status “active (exited)”.</p><div class="ixnfo-post-content" id="ixnfo-73074201" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #111111; font-family: NonBreakingSpaceOverride, "Hoefler Text", Garamond, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 22px; margin: 32px 0px; max-width: calc(50vw - 28px);"></div><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #111111; font-family: NonBreakingSpaceOverride, "Hoefler Text", Garamond, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 22px; margin: 32px 0px; max-width: calc(50vw - 28px); overflow-wrap: break-word;">To make the script automatically run for example every 10 minutes, add a line to /etc/crontab:</p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: inherit; color: #111111; font-family: NonBreakingSpaceOverride, "Hoefler Text", Garamond, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 22px; margin: 32px 0px; max-width: calc(50vw - 28px);"><div style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter plain" id="highlighter_180395" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 1em; margin: 1em 0px; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 0.5em 1em; position: relative; width: 932px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: none; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; table-layout: auto; vertical-align: baseline; width: 888px;"><tbody style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><tr style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><td class="gutter" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #afafaf; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto; word-break: break-all;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-radius: 0px; border-right-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 3px 0px 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px 1em 0px 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0.5em 0px 0px; position: static; text-align: right; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;">1</div></td><td class="code" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: 839.891px; word-break: break-all;"><div class="container" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="plain plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">*/10 * * * * root /dir/watchdog.sh > /dev/null 2>&1</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-88654245817208503972022-09-05T20:59:00.001+06:002022-09-16T21:00:11.749+06:00Restarting a Linux Server via Web Browser (PHP)<p> <span style="background-color: white; color: #080809; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">After opening and reading every result on Google, I figured it's time to make my own thread somewhere.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #080809; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;">I'm trying to setup a means of rebooting/doing other system functions through a web interface powered by HTML (for the buttons/text) and PHP (for the execution of the aforementioned functions).</p><p style="background-color: white; color: #080809; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;">I'm unable to get this to work. I've read that I need to add the web user to the sudoers file, and I've tried. I'm running Nginx on my server, how do I add the user to the sudoers in my case?</p><p style="background-color: white; color: #080809; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;">Also, I'm aware of the security risks, and would prefer not to be advised of them, thanks.</p><p style="background-color: white; color: #080809; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;">The following is what I have so far:</p><p style="background-color: white; color: #080809; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;"><b>HTML:</b></p><div class="highlight" style="background-color: white; color: #080809; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;"><div class="language-name" style="color: #aaaaaa; font-size: 11px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 10px; top: 3px;">HTML</div><pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 231, 231); margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 10px; max-width: 100%; overflow: hidden; padding: 10px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-word;"><span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">></span>
<span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">h3</span><span class="p">></span>Restart<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">h3</span><span class="p">></span>
<span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>
<span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">form</span> <span class="na">action</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"restart.php"</span> <span class="na">method</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"get"</span><span class="p">></span>
<span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">input</span> <span class="na">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"submit"</span> <span class="na">value</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"Press me."</span><span class="p">></span>
<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">form</span><span class="p">></span>
<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">p</span><span class="p">></span>
<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">></span>
</pre></div><p style="background-color: white; color: #080809; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;"><b>PHP:</b></p><div class="highlight" style="background-color: white; color: #080809; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;"><div class="language-name" style="color: #aaaaaa; font-size: 11px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 10px; top: 3px;">PHP</div><pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 231, 231); margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 10px; max-width: 100%; overflow: hidden; padding: 10px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-word;"><span class="cp"><?php</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s2">"This is a test"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s2">"<br>"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s2">"<br>"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="nb">shell_exec</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'ifconfig'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s2">"<br>"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s2">"<br>"</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">echo</span> <span class="s2">"Restarting server..."</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nb">exec</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'/usr/bin/sudo /etc/init.d/portmap restart'</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nb">shell_exec</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"/sbin/reboot"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nb">exec</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"/sbin/reboot"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nb">system</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"/sbin/reboot"</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="cp">?></span><span class="x"></span>
</pre></div><p style="background-color: white; color: #080809; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;">Mind you that here, I only have so many things attempting to execute, so that I make sure I hit the target when one of them works, if that makes sense. The IFConfig is just a test to make sure that it's actually able to execute.</p><p style="background-color: white; color: #080809; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;"><b>Sudoers:</b></p><div class="highlight" style="background-color: white; color: #080809; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;"><div class="language-name" style="color: #aaaaaa; font-size: 11px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 10px; top: 3px;">Text</div><pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 231, 231); margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 10px; max-width: 100%; overflow: hidden; padding: 10px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-word;"># User privilege specification
root ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
www-data reboot = NOPASSWD: /sbin/reboot
</pre></div><p style="background-color: white; color: #080809; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;">Hope help comes. Thanks.</p><p style="background-color: white; color: #080809; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;">---------------------------------------------</p><p style="background-color: white; color: #080809; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 18px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;">EDIT - I got a response from another location that fixed my problem. In the case that someone is dealing with a similar problem, here's the solution that helped me.</p><div class="highlight" style="background-color: white; color: #080809; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: relative;"><div class="language-name" style="color: #aaaaaa; font-size: 11px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: absolute; right: 10px; top: 3px;">Text</div><pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 231, 231); margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 10px; max-width: 100%; overflow: hidden; padding: 10px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-word;">You can do this either by editing your sudoers file :
Sudoers:
www-data ALL=(root) NOPASSWD: /sbin/reboot
The first ALL is for the hostname if you're hostname is not 'reboot' I advise you to keep ALL as it will work in any hostname. That's why I don't seem to work on your server
restart.php:
exec('sudo /sbin/reboot');</pre></div>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-6109909280990782162022-08-10T21:09:00.004+06:002022-09-16T21:10:09.657+06:00Use a script to restart critical Linux services such as the web or database server. Restart nginx, apache2, MySQL or PHP-fpm automatically.<p> <span style="background-color: white; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">If you manage your own WordPress web server then you have undoubtedly come across many situations where your web apache, nginx, MySQL or PHP-fpm services have stopped.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Sometimes the reason is unknown and things just crash from time to time.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Using the Linux crontab service we can write a simple bash script to test to see if these services have stopped and restart them.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">You can use whatever editor you are comfortable with.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Here’s the command line code to create the file in nano:</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="zpd-codelet" style="background-color: #fee9cc; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(225, 225, 232); box-sizing: border-box; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75); font-family: "Lucida Console", Monaco, monospace; font-size: smaller; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 3px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">sudo nano /opt/launch-crashed-services.sh </span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Here is the bash script.</p><div class="code-embed-wrapper" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 1.5em 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><pre class=" code-embed-pre line-numbers language-bash" data-line-offset="0" data-start="1" style="background: rgb(245, 242, 240); border: none; box-sizing: border-box; color: black; counter-reset: linenumber 0; direction: ltr; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", monospace; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; overflow: auto; padding: 1em 0px; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><code class=" code-embed-code language-bash" style="background: transparent; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, "Andale Mono", monospace; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; hyphens: none; line-height: 1.5; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: normal; padding: 0px 0px 0px 3.8em; position: relative; tab-size: 4; text-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) 0px 1px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: normal; word-spacing: normal;"><span class="token shebang important" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ee9900; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">#!/bin/bash</span>
<span class="token function" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #dd4a68; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">service</span> mysql status <span class="token operator" style="background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #a67f59; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">|</span> <span class="token function" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #dd4a68; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">grep</span> <span class="token string" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #669900; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">'active (running)'</span> <span class="token operator" style="background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #a67f59; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">></span> /dev/null 2<span class="token operator" style="background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #a67f59; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">></span><span class="token operator" style="background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #a67f59; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">&</span>1
<span class="token keyword" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0077aa; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">if</span> <span class="token punctuation" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">[</span> <span class="token variable" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ee9900; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">$?</span> <span class="token operator" style="background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #a67f59; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">!=</span> 0 <span class="token punctuation" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">]</span>
<span class="token keyword" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0077aa; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">then</span>
<span class="token function" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #dd4a68; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">sudo</span> <span class="token function" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #dd4a68; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">service</span> mysql restart <span class="token operator" style="background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #a67f59; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">></span> /dev/null
<span class="token keyword" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0077aa; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">fi</span>
<span class="token function" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #dd4a68; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">service</span> nginx status <span class="token operator" style="background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #a67f59; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">|</span> <span class="token function" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #dd4a68; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">grep</span> <span class="token string" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #669900; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">'active (running)'</span> <span class="token operator" style="background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #a67f59; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">></span> /dev/null 2<span class="token operator" style="background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #a67f59; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">></span><span class="token operator" style="background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #a67f59; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">&</span>1
<span class="token keyword" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0077aa; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">if</span> <span class="token punctuation" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">[</span> <span class="token variable" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ee9900; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">$?</span> <span class="token operator" style="background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #a67f59; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">!=</span> 0 <span class="token punctuation" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">]</span>
<span class="token keyword" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0077aa; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">then</span>
<span class="token function" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #dd4a68; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">sudo</span> <span class="token function" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #dd4a68; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">service</span> nginx restart <span class="token operator" style="background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #a67f59; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">></span> /dev/null
<span class="token keyword" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0077aa; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">fi</span>
<span class="token function" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #dd4a68; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">service</span> php7.2-fpm status <span class="token operator" style="background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #a67f59; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">|</span> <span class="token function" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #dd4a68; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">grep</span> <span class="token string" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #669900; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">'active (running)'</span> <span class="token operator" style="background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #a67f59; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">></span> /dev/null 2<span class="token operator" style="background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #a67f59; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">></span><span class="token operator" style="background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #a67f59; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">&</span>1
<span class="token keyword" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0077aa; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">if</span> <span class="token punctuation" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">[</span> <span class="token variable" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #ee9900; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">$?</span> <span class="token operator" style="background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #a67f59; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">!=</span> 0 <span class="token punctuation" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #999999; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">]</span>
<span class="token keyword" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0077aa; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">then</span>
<span class="token function" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #dd4a68; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">sudo</span> <span class="token function" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #dd4a68; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">service</span> php7.2-fpm restart <span class="token operator" style="background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5); border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #a67f59; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">></span> /dev/null
<span class="token keyword" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #0077aa; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">fi</span><span class="line-numbers-rows" style="border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-right-style: solid; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; left: 0px; letter-spacing: -1px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; position: absolute; top: 0px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; width: 3em;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-increment: linenumber 1; display: block; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; pointer-events: none; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></span></code></pre><div class="code-embed-infos" style="background: rgb(216, 216, 216); border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; left: 0px; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1320px;"></div></div><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Change the service names to the ones you are running, e.g. “apache2” or whatever PHP version you are running.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">The script uses the <span class="zpd-codelet" style="background-color: #fee9cc; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(225, 225, 232); box-sizing: border-box; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75); font-family: "Lucida Console", Monaco, monospace; font-size: smaller; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 3px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">service <name> status</span> command to output the status of a particular service such as mysql.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">We then run this through grep looking for the phrase “active (running)”.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">If this is not found, we ask the system to restart the service.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Save the file to <span class="zpd-codelet" style="background-color: #fee9cc; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(225, 225, 232); box-sizing: border-box; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75); font-family: "Lucida Console", Monaco, monospace; font-size: smaller; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 3px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">/opt/launch-crashed-services.sh</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Then ensure that it is runnable from the command line using:</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="zpd-codelet" style="background-color: #fee9cc; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(225, 225, 232); box-sizing: border-box; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75); font-family: "Lucida Console", Monaco, monospace; font-size: smaller; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 3px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">sudo chmod +x /opt/launch-crashed-services.sh </span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></p><h2 style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; color: #58595b; font-family: Oxygen, sans-serif; font-size: 2.33333rem; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.3; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 1rem; vertical-align: baseline;">Scheduling Service Restarts Using Crontab</h2><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">It would be a pain to have to SSH into our server every time a service crashes to run the script.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Instead we can call the script directly from a crontab service and have it running as frequently as we need it to.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Edit your root crontab list using:</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="zpd-codelet" style="background-color: #fee9cc; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(225, 225, 232); box-sizing: border-box; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75); font-family: "Lucida Console", Monaco, monospace; font-size: smaller; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 3px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">sudo crontab -e</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">It’s important to use the root crontab using the command above and not to edit your own user profile crontab, otherwise, it will not work properly.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Add the following line to the bottom of the root crontab list:</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="zpd-codelet" style="background-color: #fee9cc; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(225, 225, 232); box-sizing: border-box; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75); font-family: "Lucida Console", Monaco, monospace; font-size: smaller; font-style: inherit; font-weight: inherit; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 3px; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">*/1 * * * * /opt/launch-crashed-services.sh > /dev/null 2></span><br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">This will run the script every minute but you can change that for whatever works for your server.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Now if a critical service crashes, the server will attempt to restart it.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #58595b; font-family: "Open Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px 0px 1.75em; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Happy days.</p>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-76530773228509619322022-04-26T17:46:00.002+06:002022-04-26T17:46:18.588+06:00How to Install MySQL 5.6 Server on CentOS / Redhat 6/7/8<p> <span style="background-color: white; color: #4a4a4a; font-family: Lora; font-size: 17px;">Hello Friends, In this article I am going to explain how we can install MySQL 5.6 server in CentOS and Redhat 6/7/8 using yum command.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4a4a4a; font-family: Lora; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #003300; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">System requirements :</span></span></p><ul style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4a4a4a; font-family: Lora; font-size: 16px; list-style: square; margin: 0px 0px 30px 30px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Server</span> : CentOS release 6.7 (Final)</span></li><li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Architecture</span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> : i686 i386 GNU/Linux</span></li></ul><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4a4a4a; font-family: Lora; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Follow the below steps to install MySQL 5.6 server using yum command.</span></p><h2 style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1d87bd; font-family: Rajdhani; font-size: 25px; line-height: 50px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="Install_MySQL_56_server_on_CentOS_and_Redhat" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #003300; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; caret-color: rgb(0, 51, 0); margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Install MySQL 5.6 server on CentOS and Redhat </span></span><span class="ez-toc-section-end" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></h2><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4a4a4a; font-family: Lora; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Login into server using ssh protocol. Download and install mysql-community repo using below command.</span></p><pre class="code-pre" style="background: rgb(44, 62, 80); border-radius: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 1.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"># ssh root@serve_ip_and _hostname
# mkdir /root/dowload/
# cd /root/download/
</pre><h3 style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1d87bd; font-family: Rajdhani; font-size: 20px; line-height: 45px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="Install_wget" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #003300; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Install wget</span><span class="ez-toc-section-end" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></h3><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4a4a4a; font-family: Lora; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">first of all install wget command on your machine if it is not installed by default. follow this below command to install wget.</p><pre class="code-pre" style="background: rgb(44, 62, 80); border-radius: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 1.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"># yum install wget</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4a4a4a; font-family: Lora; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">You will get back some output like below if you have already installed wget package.</span></p><pre class="code-pre" style="background: rgb(44, 62, 80); border-radius: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 1.5em; vertical-align: baseline;">Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Install Process
\Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror.nbrc.ac.in
* epel: ftp.riken.jp
* extras: mirror.nbrc.ac.in
* updates: mirror.nbrc.ac.in
Package wget-1.12-8.el6.i686 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do</pre><h3 style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1d87bd; font-family: Rajdhani; font-size: 20px; line-height: 45px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="Download_and_Install_mysql-community_repo" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span>Download and Install mysql-community repo<span class="ez-toc-section-end" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></h3><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4a4a4a; font-family: Lora; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Now download and install mysql-community repo</span></p><pre class="code-pre" style="background: rgb(44, 62, 80); border-radius: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 1.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"># wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm
--2016-11-25 06:30:03-- http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm
Resolving repo.mysql.com... 104.108.196.141
Connecting to repo.mysql.com|104.108.196.141|:80... connected.
</pre><h3 style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1d87bd; font-family: Rajdhani; font-size: 20px; line-height: 45px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="Install_mysql_56_server_using_yum_command" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #003300; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Install mysql 5.6 server using yum command</span><span class="ez-toc-section-end" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></h3><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4a4a4a; font-family: Lora; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Let’s install MysQL 5.6 server following below command:</p><pre class="code-pre" style="background: rgb(44, 62, 80); border-radius: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 1.5em; vertical-align: baseline;">#yum install mysql-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror.nbrc.ac.in
* epel: epel.mirror.net.in
* extras: mirror.nbrc.ac.in
* remi: mirrors.thzhost.com
* remi-php56: mirrors.thzhost.com
* remi-safe: mirrors.thzhost.com
* updates: mirror.nbrc.ac.in
ajenti | 2.5 kB 00:00
vz-base | 951 B 00:00
vz-updates | 951 B 00:00
Package mysql-server is obsoleted by mysql-community-server, trying to install mysql-community-server-5.6.34-2.el6.i686 instead
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-server.i686 0:5.6.34-2.el6 will be installed
................................
....................
Install 5 Package(s)
Total size: 73 M
Installed size: 299 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
Installing : mysql-community-common-5.6.34-2.el6.i686 1/5
Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.6.34-2.el6.i686 2/5
Installing : mysql-community-client-5.6.34-2.el6.i686 3/5
Installing : numactl-2.0.9-2.el6.i686 4/5
Installing : mysql-community-server-5.6.34-2.el6.i686 5/5
Verifying : mysql-community-common-5.6.34-2.el6.i686 1/5
Verifying : mysql-community-client-5.6.34-2.el6.i686 2/5
Verifying : numactl-2.0.9-2.el6.i686 3/5
Verifying : mysql-community-libs-5.6.34-2.el6.i686 4/5
Verifying : mysql-community-server-5.6.34-2.el6.i686 5/5
Installed:
mysql-community-server.i686 0:5.6.34-2.el6
Dependency Installed:
mysql-community-client.i686 0:5.6.34-2.el6 mysql-community-common.i686 0:5.6.34-2.el6 mysql-community-libs.i686 0:5.6.34-2.el6
numactl.i686 0:2.0.9-2.el6
Complete!
</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4a4a4a; font-family: Lora; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">After installation completed restart mysql service using below command.</span></p><pre class="code-pre" style="background: rgb(44, 62, 80); border-radius: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 1.5em; vertical-align: baseline;">#service mysqld start</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4a4a4a; font-family: Lora; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: terminal, monaco, monospace; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Or</span></p><pre class="code-pre" style="background: rgb(44, 62, 80); border-radius: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 1.5em; vertical-align: baseline;">#/etc/init.d/ mysqld start</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4a4a4a; font-family: Lora; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: red; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Note :</span> We have installed MySQL server with blank root password. We will need to reset root password using “<span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">mysql_secure_installation</span>” follow below instructions to reset password.</span></p><h3 style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1d87bd; font-family: Rajdhani; font-size: 20px; line-height: 45px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="ez-toc-section" id="mysql_secure_installation" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #003300; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">mysql_secure_installation</span><span class="ez-toc-section-end" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></span></h3><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4a4a4a; font-family: Lora; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Follow this below command to install mysql secure installation.</p><pre class="code-pre" style="background: rgb(44, 62, 80); border-radius: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 1.5em; vertical-align: baseline;"># mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none): <ENTER>
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] <Type here “Y”>
New password:*****
Re-enter new password:*****
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <Type here “Y”>
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] < Type “ Y “ if you want to disable root remote loging for security purpose>
... Success!
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] < Type “Y” >
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n]
... skipping.
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MySQL!
Cleaning up...
</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4a4a4a; font-family: Lora; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: terminal, monaco, monospace; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Now login with you root password</span></p><pre class="code-pre" style="background: rgb(44, 62, 80); border-radius: 4px; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 0px; max-width: 100%; outline: 0px; overflow: auto; padding: 1.5em; vertical-align: baseline;">#mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:*****
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 14
Server version: 5.6.34 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #4a4a4a; font-family: Lora; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 30px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">I hope this article will be helpful you to install MySQL 5.6 server on Centos and Redhat. If you have any queries and problem please comment in comment section.</span></p>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-23509036653008867252022-03-20T00:23:00.001+06:002022-03-20T00:23:09.860+06:00Get information about your memory and CPU usage in PHP<p> <span style="background-color: white; color: #2b2b2b; font-family: Poppins, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">In this tutorial, I am going to share how you can</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #2b2b2b; font-family: Poppins, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 17px;"> </span><strong style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #2b2b2b; font-family: Poppins, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">get information about your memory and CPU usage in PHP</strong><span style="background-color: white; color: #2b2b2b; font-family: Poppins, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">, optimizing server memory is a big problem and you may have to face server downtime issues.</span></p><div class="code-block code-block-4" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; color: #2b2b2b; font-family: Poppins, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin: 8px auto; text-align: center;"></div><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2b2b2b; font-family: Poppins, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px;">PHP has a garbage collector and a pretty complex memory manager. The amount of memory being used by your script. can go up and down during the execution of a script. To get the current memory usage, we can use the <b style="box-sizing: border-box;">memory_get_usage()</b> function, and to get the highest amount of memory used at any point, we can use the <b style="box-sizing: border-box;">memory_get_peak_usage()</b> function.</p><h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2b2b2b; font-family: Poppins, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 50px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 0.8rem; padding: 0px;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;">Code</strong></h2><pre style="background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75); border-radius: 5px; border: 1px solid var(--nv-light-bg); box-sizing: border-box; color: #2b2b2b; font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 2em; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; padding: 20px; white-space: pre-wrap;">echo "Initial Memory uses : ".memory_get_usage()." bytes \n";
// Initial Memory uses : 321420 bytes
<code style="box-sizing: border-box;">
// Let's create some function to use up some memory
for ($count = 0; $count < 100000; $count++) {
$array []= base64_decode($count);
}</code> <code style="box-sizing: border-box;">
for ($count = 0; $count < 100000; $count++) {
unset($array[$i]);
}
echo "Final Memory : ".memory_get_usage()." bytes \n";
//Final Memory :: 871015 bytes
</code> <code style="box-sizing: border-box;">
echo "Peak: ".memory_get_peak_usage()." bytes \n";
//Peak: 13483071 bytes</code></pre>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-55272505079337414742022-03-15T17:23:00.004+06:002022-03-15T17:23:36.660+06:00How to get multiple selected values of select box in php?<p> <span style="background-color: white; color: #273239; font-family: urw-din, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.162px;">Given a list of items and the task is to retrieve the multiple selected value from a select box using PHP.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #273239; font-family: urw-din, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.162px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Use multiple attribute in HTML to select multiple value from drop down list. Selecting multiple values in HTML depends on operating system and browser. <br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /> </p><ul style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #273239; flex-direction: column; font-family: urw-din, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.162px; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: outside; margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--color-black); line-height: 1.58; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">For window users – hold down + CTRL key to select multiple option</li><li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--color-black); line-height: 1.58; margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">For mac users – hold down command key to select multiple option</li></ul><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #273239; font-family: urw-din, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.162px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Example:</strong> This example creates a list of items using HTML. <br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /> </p><div class="responsive-tabs-wrapper" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; color: #273239; font-family: urw-din, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.162px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; zoom: 1;"><div class="responsive-tabs responsive-tabs--enabled" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><ul class="responsive-tabs__list" role="tablist" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 18px; line-height: 18px; list-style: none; margin: 20px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li aria-controls="tablist1-panel1" class="responsive-tabs__list__item responsive-tabs__list__item--active" id="tablist1-tab1" role="tab" style="background: var(--gfg-tint-color); border-bottom: none rgb(221, 221, 221); border-image: initial; border-left: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--gfg-green-white); cursor: pointer; display: inline; float: left; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px 12px 0px 0px; padding: 10px 12px 11px; position: relative; text-transform: inherit; top: 1px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="0">html</li></ul><div aria-hidden="false" aria-labelledby="tablist1-tab1" class="tabcontent responsive-tabs__panel responsive-tabs__panel--active" id="tablist1-panel1" role="tabpanel" style="background: var(--gfg-tint-color); border-radius: 0px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); box-sizing: border-box; clear: left; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px 5px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-block" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-direction: row; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-gutter" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-flow: column; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 40px;"><div class="editor-buttons-container" style="border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: sticky; top: 120px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 40px;"><div class="editor-buttons" style="align-items: center; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-flow: column; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 0px; position: sticky; top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 40px; z-index: 1;"><div class="editor-buttons-div" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="Run and Edit"><i class="gfg-icon gfg-icon_copy code-sidebar-button padding-2px copy-code-button" id="copy-code-button" style="background: var(--gfg-body-color); border-radius: 50%; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0 0 2px 1px var(--gfg-head-shadow); box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--color-black); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 34px !important; line-height: 23px !important; margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0.15em; vertical-align: baseline; width: 34px !important;" title="Copy Code"></i><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--color-black); line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i class="gfg-icon gfg-icon_edit_1 padding-2px code-sidebar-button" id="run-and-edit-button" lang="xml" style="background: var(--gfg-body-color); border-radius: 50%; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0 0 2px 1px var(--gfg-head-shadow); box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--color-black); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 34px !important; line-height: 23px !important; margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0.15em; vertical-align: baseline; width: 34px !important;" title="Edit Code"></i></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--color-black); line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i class="gfg-icon gfg-icon_play padding-2px code-sidebar-button" id="run-code-button" lang="xml" style="background: var(--gfg-body-color); border-radius: 50%; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0 0 2px 1px var(--gfg-head-shadow); box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--color-black); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 34px !important; line-height: 23px !important; margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0.15em; vertical-align: baseline; width: 34px !important;" title="Run Code and See Output"></i></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--color-black); line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i class="gfg-icon gfg-icon_dark-toggle padding-2px code-sidebar-button dark-editor-button" style="background: var(--gfg-body-color); border-radius: 50%; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0 0 2px 1px var(--gfg-head-shadow); box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--color-black); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 34px !important; line-height: 23px !important; margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0.15em; vertical-align: baseline; width: 34px !important;" title="Dark Mode"></i></p></div></div></div></div><div class="code-container" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex: 1 1 0%; margin: 0px; min-width: 0px; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 886.641px;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter" id="highlighter_226432" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1em !important; margin: 1em 0px !important; overflow: auto !important; padding: 0px; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline; width: 886.641px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: block; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 0.99em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 25px auto; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; table-layout: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 886.641px;"><tbody style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 0.99em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><tr style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: var(--gfg-body-color); background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 0.99em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="code" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 12.5pt; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 14px 10px; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 573.25px;"><div class="container" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 5px !important; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">html</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">></code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">body</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">></code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">form</code> <code class="color1" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: gray !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">method</code> <code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">= </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">"post"</code> <code class="color1" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: gray !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">action</code> <code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">= </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">"name.php"</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">></code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">h4</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">>SELECT SUBJECTS</</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">h4</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">></code></div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="comments" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 130, 0) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><!--Using multiple to select multiple value--></code></div><div class="line number6 index5 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">select</code> <code class="color1" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: gray !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">name</code> <code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">= </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">"subject"</code> <code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">multiple </code><code class="color1" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: gray !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">size</code> <code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">= </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">6</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">> </code></div><div class="line number7 index6 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">option</code> <code class="color1" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: gray !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">value</code> <code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">= </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">"english"</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">>ENGLISH</</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">option</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">></code></div><div class="line number8 index7 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">option</code> <code class="color1" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: gray !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">value</code> <code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">= </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">"maths"</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">>MATHS</</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">option</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">></code></div><div class="line number9 index8 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">option</code> <code class="color1" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: gray !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">value</code> <code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">= </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">"computer"</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">>COMPUTER</</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">option</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">></code></div><div class="line number10 index9 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">option</code> <code class="color1" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: gray !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">value</code> <code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">= </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">"physics"</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">>PHYSICS</</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">option</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">></code></div><div class="line number11 index10 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">option</code> <code class="color1" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: gray !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">value</code> <code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">= </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">"chemistry"</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">>CHEMISTRY</</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">option</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">></code></div><div class="line number12 index11 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">option</code> <code class="color1" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: gray !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">value</code> <code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">= </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">"hindi"</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">>HINDI</</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">option</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">></code></div><div class="line number13 index12 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"></</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">select</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">></code></div><div class="line number14 index13 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">input</code> <code class="color1" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: gray !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">type</code> <code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">= </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">"submit"</code> <code class="color1" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: gray !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">name</code> <code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">= </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">"submit"</code> <code class="color1" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: gray !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">value</code> <code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">= </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">Submit</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">></code></div><div class="line number15 index14 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"></</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">form</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">></code></div><div class="line number16 index15 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"></</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">body</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">></code></div><div class="line number17 index16 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"></</code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">html</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">></code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></div></div></div><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #273239; font-family: urw-din, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.162px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Now, the task is to retrieve or print multiple selected value from list. Use form method and loop to retrieve selected value in PHP.<br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /><strong style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Example:</strong> <br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /> </p><div class="responsive-tabs-wrapper" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; color: #273239; font-family: urw-din, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.162px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; zoom: 1;"><div class="responsive-tabs responsive-tabs--enabled" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><ul class="responsive-tabs__list" role="tablist" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 18px; line-height: 18px; list-style: none; margin: 20px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li aria-controls="tablist2-panel1" class="responsive-tabs__list__item responsive-tabs__list__item--active" id="tablist2-tab1" role="tab" style="background: var(--gfg-tint-color); border-bottom: none rgb(221, 221, 221); border-image: initial; border-left: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); border-top-left-radius: 3px; border-top-right-radius: 3px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--gfg-green-white); cursor: pointer; display: inline; float: left; line-height: 19px; margin: 0px 12px 0px 0px; padding: 10px 12px 11px; position: relative; text-transform: inherit; top: 1px; user-select: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: nowrap;" tabindex="0">php</li></ul><div aria-hidden="false" aria-labelledby="tablist2-tab1" class="tabcontent responsive-tabs__panel responsive-tabs__panel--active" id="tablist2-panel1" role="tabpanel" style="background: var(--gfg-tint-color); border-radius: 0px; border: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); box-sizing: border-box; clear: left; margin: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px 5px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-block" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-direction: row; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div class="code-gutter" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex-flow: column; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 40px;"><div class="editor-buttons-container" style="border: 0px; bottom: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; position: sticky; top: 120px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 40px;"><div class="editor-buttons" style="align-items: center; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; display: flex; flex-flow: column; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 0px; position: sticky; top: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 40px; z-index: 1;"><div class="editor-buttons-div" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;" title="Run and Edit"><i class="gfg-icon gfg-icon_copy code-sidebar-button padding-2px copy-code-button" id="copy-code-button" style="background: var(--gfg-body-color); border-radius: 50%; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0 0 2px 1px var(--gfg-head-shadow); box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--color-black); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 34px !important; line-height: 23px !important; margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0.15em; vertical-align: baseline; width: 34px !important;" title="Copy Code"></i><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--color-black); line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i class="gfg-icon gfg-icon_edit_1 padding-2px code-sidebar-button" id="run-and-edit-button" lang="php" style="background: var(--gfg-body-color); border-radius: 50%; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0 0 2px 1px var(--gfg-head-shadow); box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--color-black); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 34px !important; line-height: 23px !important; margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0.15em; vertical-align: baseline; width: 34px !important;" title="Edit Code"></i></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--color-black); line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i class="gfg-icon gfg-icon_play padding-2px code-sidebar-button" id="run-code-button" lang="php" style="background: var(--gfg-body-color); border-radius: 50%; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0 0 2px 1px var(--gfg-head-shadow); box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--color-black); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 34px !important; line-height: 23px !important; margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0.15em; vertical-align: baseline; width: 34px !important;" title="Run Code and See Output"></i></p><p style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--color-black); line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><i class="gfg-icon gfg-icon_dark-toggle padding-2px code-sidebar-button dark-editor-button" style="background: var(--gfg-body-color); border-radius: 50%; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0 0 2px 1px var(--gfg-head-shadow); box-sizing: border-box; color: var(--color-black); cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; height: 34px !important; line-height: 23px !important; margin: 5px 0px 0px; padding: 0.15em; vertical-align: baseline; width: 34px !important;" title="Dark Mode"></i></p></div></div></div></div><div class="code-container" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; flex: 1 1 0%; margin: 0px; min-width: 0px; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 886.641px;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter" id="highlighter_159531" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1em !important; margin: 1em 0px !important; overflow: auto !important; padding: 0px; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline; width: 886.641px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 0px !important; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: block; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 0.99em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 25px auto; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow-x: scroll; overflow-y: hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; table-layout: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 886.641px;"><tbody style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 0.99em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><tr style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: var(--gfg-body-color); background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 0.99em !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><td class="code" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: 12.5pt; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 14px 10px; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: 570.203px;"><div class="container" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 5px !important; position: relative !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><html></code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><body></code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><!--name.php to be called on form submission--></code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><form method = </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">'post'</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">></code></div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><h4>SELECT SUBJECTS</h4></code></div><div class="line number6 index5 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code> </div><div class="line number7 index6 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><select name = </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">'subject[]'</code> <code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">multiple size = 6> </code></div><div class="line number8 index7 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><option value = </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">'english'</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">>ENGLISH</option></code></div><div class="line number9 index8 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><option value = </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">'maths'</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">>MATHS</option></code></div><div class="line number10 index9 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><option value = </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">'computer'</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">>COMPUTER</option></code></div><div class="line number11 index10 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><option value = </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">'physics'</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">>PHYSICS</option></code></div><div class="line number12 index11 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><option value = </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">'chemistry'</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">>CHEMISTRY</option></code></div><div class="line number13 index12 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><option value = </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">'hindi'</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">>HINDI</option></code></div><div class="line number14 index13 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"></select></code></div><div class="line number15 index14 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><input type = </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">'submit'</code> <code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">name = </code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">'submit'</code> <code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">value = Submit></code></div><div class="line number16 index15 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"></form></code></div><div class="line number17 index16 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"></body></code></div><div class="line number18 index17 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"></html></code></div><div class="line number19 index18 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"><?php</code></div><div class="line number20 index19 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code> </div><div class="line number21 index20 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="comments" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 130, 0) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">// Check if form is submitted successfully</code></div><div class="line number22 index21 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">if</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">(isset(</code><code class="variable" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(170, 119, 0) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">$_POST</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">[</code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">"submit"</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">]))</code></div><div class="line number23 index22 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">{</code></div><div class="line number24 index23 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="comments" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 130, 0) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">// Check if any option is selected</code></div><div class="line number25 index24 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">if</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">(isset(</code><code class="variable" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(170, 119, 0) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">$_POST</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">[</code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">"subject"</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">]))</code></div><div class="line number26 index25 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">{</code></div><div class="line number27 index26 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="comments" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 130, 0) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">// Retrieving each selected option</code></div><div class="line number28 index27 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">foreach</code> <code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">(</code><code class="variable" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(170, 119, 0) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">$_POST</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">[</code><code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">'subject'</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">] </code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">as</code> <code class="variable" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(170, 119, 0) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">$subject</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">)</code></div><div class="line number29 index28 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="functions" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(255, 20, 147) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">print</code> <code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">"You selected $subject<br/>"</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">;</code></div><div class="line number30 index29 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">}</code></div><div class="line number31 index30 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="keyword" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 102, 153) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; font-weight: 700 !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">else</code></div><div class="line number32 index31 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="functions" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(255, 20, 147) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">echo</code> <code class="string" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 255) !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">"Select an option first !!"</code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">;</code></div><div class="line number33 index32 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="undefined spaces" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;"> </code><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">}</code></div><div class="line number34 index33 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-image: initial !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: 0px 0px !important; background-repeat: initial !important; background-size: initial !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; float: none !important; font-size: var(--font-din); height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px 1em 0px 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; white-space: pre !important; width: auto !important;"><code class="plain" style="background: 0px 0px !important; border-radius: 0px !important; border: 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; direction: ltr !important; display: inline !important; float: none !important; font-family: Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace !important; font-size: 11pt !important; height: auto !important; inset: auto !important; line-height: 1.2em !important; margin: 0px !important; min-height: auto !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: auto hidden !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important;">?></code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></div></div></div><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #273239; font-family: urw-din, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.162px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Output:</strong> <br style="box-sizing: border-box;" /> </p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #273239; font-family: urw-din, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.162px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><img alt="image" src="https://media.geeksforgeeks.org/wp-content/uploads/select-1.png" style="border: 0px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) 0px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; cursor: -webkit-zoom-in !important; height: 300px; margin: 0px 0px 15px; max-height: 300px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;" /></p><div id="AP_G4GR_5" style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #273239; font-family: urw-din, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.162px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></div><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #273239; font-family: urw-din, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.162px; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Note:</strong> The form can be submitted using <i style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">$_GET</i> method. It depends on the form method=”?” value.</p>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-18403501115155073752022-02-16T00:32:00.007+06:002022-03-20T00:35:30.218+06:00Howto Configure SNMP In Centos 6<p> <span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, "Bitstream Charter", serif; font-size: 16px;">Assalamualaikum,</span></p><p style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, "Bitstream Charter", serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">This guide describe howto install and do a basic configure of SNMP on a RedHat Enterprise Linux or CentOS. Probably it will work on many other unix systems.</p><p style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, "Bitstream Charter", serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">INSTALL</strong><br /><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"># yum install net-snmp-utils</em></p><p style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, "Bitstream Charter", serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">CONFIGURE</strong><br />Do a backup of the snmpd config file.<br /><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"># mv /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf.org</em></p><p style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, "Bitstream Charter", serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Create a new config file</strong>.<br /># vi /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf<br /><strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></strong>Add below line:<br /><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">rocommunity public</em><br /><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">syslocation “Zoom Networks”</em><br /><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">syscontact siraj@zoomonline.com.bd</em></p><p style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, "Bitstream Charter", serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Start the snmpd service and start on boot</strong><br /><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"># /etc/init.d/snmpd start</em><br /><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"># chkconfig snmpd on</em></p><p style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, "Bitstream Charter", serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Test 1 (Server-localhost)</strong><br /><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"># snmpwalk -v 1 -c public -O e 127.0.0.1</em></p><p style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, "Bitstream Charter", serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">You should get below output:<br /><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">SNMPv2-MIB::sysDescr.0 = STRING: Linux dull 2.6.18-92.1.17.el5 #1 SMP Tue Nov 4 13:45:01 EST 2008 i686</em><br /><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">SNMPv2-MIB::sysObjectID.0 = OID: NET-SNMP-MIB::netSnmpAgentOIDs.10</em><br /><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (16748) 0:02:47.48</em><br /><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">…</em><br /><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">…</em><br /><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">…</em></p><p style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, "Bitstream Charter", serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> </p><p style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, "Bitstream Charter", serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Test 2 (client)</strong><br /><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"># snmpwalk -v 1 -c public -O e 192.168.10.1 </em> <strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><— Target IP</strong></p><p style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, "Bitstream Charter", serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><strong style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">TROUBLESHOOT</strong><br />Error – Timeout: No Response from 192.168.10.1<br />Solution – Check Firewall, just disable firewall if you don’t need it. Run <em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">service iptables stop.</em> Or you can use below rules to allow specific port (161 and 162 for snmp)</p><p style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 0px; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, "Bitstream Charter", serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 24px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"># iptables -I INPUT -p udp -m udp –dport 161 -j ACCEPT</em><br /><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"># iptables -I INPUT -p udp -m udp –dport 162 -j ACCEPT</em><br /><em style="background: transparent; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"># service iptables restart</em></p>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-71357836964614607582022-01-19T14:50:00.004+06:002022-01-19T23:26:32.313+06:00How To Install PHP 7.3, 7.2, 7.1 on CentOS/RHEL 6.10<p></p><div class="the-post-tags" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #444444; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; font-family: "Public Sans", system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 35px 0px -10px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"></div><p></p><div class="post-content-wrap" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #444444; font-family: "Public Sans", system-ui, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; margin: 0px; orphans: 2; padding: 0px; text-align: start; text-decoration-color: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="post-content cf entry-content content-spacious" style="--c-a-hover: var(--c-links); --c-a: var(--c-main); --li-mb: 0.5em; --li-pl: 3px; --p-spacious-pad: 1% !important; --post-content-size: var(--single-content-size); --ul-margin: calc(var(--post-content-gaps) + 0.26em) auto; --ul-ml-xs: 15px; --ul-ml: 35px; --ul-style: disc; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: var(--c-contrast-800); font-family: var(--text-font); font-size: 17px; line-height: var(--post-content-lh); margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: var(--p-spacious-pad); padding-right: var(--p-spacious-pad); padding-top: 0px; text-rendering: optimizelegibility; vertical-align: baseline;"><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: var(--post-content-gaps); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;">PHP 7.3 is the latest stable release of PHP. May of popular yum repositories is providing rpm packages for PHP 7. This article is using Remi and EPEL yum repositories for installing required packages on your system. This article will help you to install PHP 7.3, PHP 7.2, PHP 7.1 on CentOS & RHEL 6 systems.</p><ul style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 17px; list-style-image: initial; list-style-position: initial; list-style-type: var(--ul-style, none); margin-left: var(--ul-ml, 0); padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: var(--li-mb, 0); padding-left: var(--li-pl, 0); vertical-align: baseline;"><a href="https://tecadmin.net/install-php-7-nginx-mysql-5-on-centos/" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: var(--c-a, var(--c-links)); font-family: inherit; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none; transition: all 0.25s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank">Install PHP7, Nginx and MySQL on CentOS/RedHat</a></li></ul><h2 class="heading1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: var(--c-headings); font-family: var(--text-h-font,inherit); font-size: 32px; font-weight: var(--title-fw-bold); line-height: 1.5; margin: 1.35em 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline;">Configure Yum Repository</h2><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: var(--post-content-gaps); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;">First of all, you need to enable Remi and EPEL yum repositories on your system. Use the following command to install EPEL repository on your CentOS and Red Hat 7/6 systems</p><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: var(--post-content-gaps); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;">Use this command to install epel-release yum repository</p><pre style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: rgba(1, 29, 58, 0.9); border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; border-image: initial; border-left: 3px solid var(--c-separator); border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #fdfcfc; display: block; font-family: "Roboto Mono", Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: calc(var(--post-content-gaps) + 0.3em) auto; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 12px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-all;"><hprompt style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: inherit;">yum install epel-release
</hprompt></pre><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: var(--post-content-gaps); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;">and now execute one of the following commands as per your operating system version to install Remi repository.</p><div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></div><p></p><pre style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: rgba(1, 29, 58, 0.9); border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; border-image: initial; border-left: 3px solid var(--c-separator); border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #fdfcfc; display: block; font-family: "Roboto Mono", Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: calc(var(--post-content-gaps) + 0.3em) auto; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 12px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-all;"><dprompt style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: inherit;">rpm -Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-6.rpm
</dprompt></pre><h2 class="heading1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: var(--c-headings); font-family: var(--text-h-font,inherit); font-size: 32px; font-weight: var(--title-fw-bold); line-height: 1.5; margin: 1.35em 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline;">Install PHP 7 on CentOS 6</h2><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: var(--post-content-gaps); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;">Your system is prepared for the PHP installation from yum repositories. Use one of the following commands to install PHP 7.3 or PHP 7.2 or PHP 7.1 on your system based on your requirements.</p><pre style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: rgba(1, 29, 58, 0.9); border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; border-image: initial; border-left: 3px solid var(--c-separator); border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #fdfcfc; display: block; font-family: "Roboto Mono", Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: calc(var(--post-content-gaps) + 0.3em) auto; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 12px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-all;"><comment style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: inherit; color: slategrey; font-style: italic;">## Install PHP 7.3 </comment>
<dprompt style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: inherit;">yum --enablerepo=remi-php73 install php
<comment style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: inherit; color: slategrey; font-style: italic;">## Install PHP 7.2 </comment>
<dprompt style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: inherit;">yum --enablerepo=remi-php72 install php
<comment style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: inherit; color: slategrey; font-style: italic;">## Install PHP 7.1 </comment>
<dprompt style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: inherit;">yum --enablerepo=remi-php71 install php
</dprompt></dprompt></dprompt></pre><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: var(--post-content-gaps); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;">I have installed the latest version PHP 7.3 on my system. Now running the following command to check current active PHP version on my system.</p><div style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></div><p></p><pre style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: rgba(1, 29, 58, 0.9); border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; border-image: initial; border-left: 3px solid var(--c-separator); border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #fdfcfc; display: block; font-family: "Roboto Mono", Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: calc(var(--post-content-gaps) + 0.3em) auto; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 12px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-all;"><dprompt style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: inherit;"><strong style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; font-weight: var(--title-fw-bold); margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">php -v</strong>
PHP 7.3.11 (cli) (built: Oct 22 2019 12:34:50) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.3.11, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies
</dprompt></pre><h2 class="heading1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: var(--c-headings); font-family: var(--text-h-font,inherit); font-size: 32px; font-weight: var(--title-fw-bold); line-height: 1.5; margin: 1.35em 0px 0.75em; padding: 0px 0px 4px; vertical-align: baseline;">Install PHP Modules</h2><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: var(--post-content-gaps); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;">You may also need to install additional PHP modules based on your application requirements. Below command will install some more useful PHP modules.</p><pre style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: rgba(1, 29, 58, 0.9); border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; border-image: initial; border-left: 3px solid var(--c-separator); border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #fdfcfc; display: block; font-family: "Roboto Mono", Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: calc(var(--post-content-gaps) + 0.3em) auto; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 12px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-all;"><comment style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: inherit; color: slategrey; font-style: italic;">### For PHP 7.3</comment>
<dprompt style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: inherit;">yum --enablerepo=remi-php73 install php-xml php-soap php-xmlrpc php-mbstring php-json php-gd php-mcrypt
<comment style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: inherit; color: slategrey; font-style: italic;">### For PHP 7.2</comment>
<dprompt style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: inherit;">yum --enablerepo=remi-php72 install php-xml php-soap php-xmlrpc php-mbstring php-json php-gd php-mcrypt
<comment style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: inherit; color: slategrey; font-style: italic;">### For PHP 7.1</comment>
<dprompt style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: inherit;">yum --enablerepo=remi-php71 install php-xml php-soap php-xmlrpc php-mbstring php-json php-gd php-mcrypt
</dprompt></dprompt></dprompt></pre><p style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: var(--post-content-gaps); margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-word;">You can run the following command to search other available PHP modules under configured yum repositories. Below example command search for all modules for PHP 7.3.</p><pre style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; background-color: rgba(1, 29, 58, 0.9); border-bottom: 1px solid transparent; border-image: initial; border-left: 3px solid var(--c-separator); border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; color: #fdfcfc; display: block; font-family: "Roboto Mono", Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.6em; margin: calc(var(--post-content-gaps) + 0.3em) auto; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 12px; vertical-align: baseline; word-break: break-all;"><dprompt style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: inherit;"><strong style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; font-weight: var(--title-fw-bold); margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">yum --enablerepo=remi-php73 search php | grep php73</strong>
php73.x86_64 : Package that installs PHP 7.3
php73-php.x86_64 : PHP scripting language for creating dynamic web sites
php73-php-bcmath.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications for using the bcmath
php73-php-brotli.x86_64 : Brotli Extension for PHP
php73-php-cli.x86_64 : Command-line interface for PHP
php73-php-common.x86_64 : Common files for PHP
...
...
</dprompt></pre><div class="a-wrap a-wrap-base a-wrap-6 a-wrap-bg" style="--display-init: flex; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; align-items: center; background: var(--c-contrast-50); border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; display: flex; flex-direction: column; font-family: inherit; font-size: 17px; justify-content: center; margin: 0px; padding: 30px 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><div id="MillionsView1" style="-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; border: 0px; box-sizing: inherit; font-family: inherit; font-size: 17px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></div></div></div></div>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-6769232453625995432022-01-15T17:21:00.001+06:002022-01-15T17:35:36.041+06:00How to start, stop & restart MariaDB server in Linux<p> <a href="https://mariadb.com/" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #469bd1; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: all 0.1s ease-in-out 0s;">MariaDB</a><span face="Roboto, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 16px;"> </span><span face="Roboto, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-size: 16px;">is a MySQL database management system and popular nowadays.</span></p><div class="entry-content" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #222222; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px;">It is one of the pillars of the LAMP stack popular among developers. In this article, we will walk you through steps to manage the MariaDB server process from the command line shell prompt.</p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px;">In newer systems like RHEL 7, Debian 8, Ubuntu 15.04, Suse 12 and later system V init daemon is replaced by <code style="background: rgb(245, 247, 248); border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(228, 228, 228); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 4px 4px 1px;">systemd</code>. We will see both systemd and system V init commands to manage the MariaDB server process. Be noted that we are dealing with the MariaDB server process only. You have to take care of the databases you build within for their graceful shutdown and startup.</p><h4 style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Raleway, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">How to start MariaDB server</h4><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px;">On newer systems with systemd</p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter code-sh bash" id="highlighter_280995" style="background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1em; margin: 1em 0px; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 0.5em 1em; position: relative; width: 750px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: none; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 0px; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; table-layout: auto; vertical-align: baseline; width: 718px;"><tbody style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><tr style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><td class="code" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: 718px;"><div class="container" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash comments" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #ff7d27; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"># systemctl start mariadb</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px;">On older systems with system V init</p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter code-sh bash" id="highlighter_922345" style="background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1em; margin: 1em 0px; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 0.5em 1em; position: relative; width: 750px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: none; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 0px; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; table-layout: auto; vertical-align: baseline; width: 826.906px;"><tbody style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><tr style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><td class="code" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: 826.906px;"><div class="container" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash comments" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #ff7d27; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"># service mysql start</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">Starting MariaDB.190110 07:15:32 mysqld_safe Logging to </code><code class="bash string" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #ff9e7b; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">'/var/lib/mysql/kerneltalks.test.err'</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">.</code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">190110 07:15:32 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from </code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">/var/lib/mysql</code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">. [ OK ]</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><hr class="wp-block-separator is-style-dots" style="background: none; border: none; box-sizing: content-box; height: auto; line-height: 1; text-align: center;" /><h4 style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Raleway, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">How to start MariaDB server at boot</h4><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px;">On newer systems with systemd</p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter code-sh bash" id="highlighter_772198" style="background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1em; margin: 1em 0px; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 0.5em 1em; position: relative; width: 750px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: none; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 0px; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; table-layout: auto; vertical-align: baseline; width: 958.859px;"><tbody style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><tr style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><td class="code" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: 958.859px;"><div class="container" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash comments" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #ff7d27; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"># systemctl enable mariadb</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash functions" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #81cef9; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">ln</code> <code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">-s </code><code class="bash string" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #ff9e7b; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">'/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service'</code> <code class="bash string" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #ff9e7b; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">'/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service'</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><hr class="wp-block-separator is-style-dots" style="background: none; border: none; box-sizing: content-box; height: auto; line-height: 1; text-align: center;" /><h4 style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Raleway, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">On older systems with system V init</h4><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px;">Systems like RHEL, CentOS, SUSE uses chkconfig to manage processes at boot.</p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter code-sh bash" id="highlighter_746277" style="background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1em; margin: 1em 0px; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 0.5em 1em; position: relative; width: 750px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: none; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 0px; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; table-layout: auto; vertical-align: baseline; width: 718px;"><tbody style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><tr style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><td class="code" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: 718px;"><div class="container" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash comments" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #ff7d27; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"># chkconfig --add mysql</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash comments" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #ff7d27; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"># chkconfig --level 345 mysql on</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px;">Systems like Debian, ubuntu uses <code style="background: rgb(245, 247, 248); border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(228, 228, 228); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 4px 4px 1px;">update-rc.d</code></p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter code-sh bash" id="highlighter_5442" style="background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1em; margin: 1em 0px; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 0.5em 1em; position: relative; width: 750px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: none; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 0px; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; table-layout: auto; vertical-align: baseline; width: 718px;"><tbody style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><tr style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><td class="code" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: 718px;"><div class="container" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash comments" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #ff7d27; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"># update-rc.d mysql defaults</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><hr class="wp-block-separator is-style-dots" style="background: none; border: none; box-sizing: content-box; height: auto; line-height: 1; text-align: center;" /><h4 style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Raleway, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">How to stop MariaDB server</h4><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px;">On newer systems with <code style="background: rgb(245, 247, 248); border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(228, 228, 228); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 4px 4px 1px;">systemd</code></p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter code-sh bash" id="highlighter_230563" style="background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1em; margin: 1em 0px; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 0.5em 1em; position: relative; width: 750px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: none; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 0px; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; table-layout: auto; vertical-align: baseline; width: 718px;"><tbody style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><tr style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><td class="code" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: 718px;"><div class="container" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash comments" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #ff7d27; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"># systemctl stop mariadb</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px;">On older systems with system V init</p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter code-sh bash" id="highlighter_367769" style="background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1em; margin: 1em 0px; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 0.5em 1em; position: relative; width: 750px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: none; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 0px; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; table-layout: auto; vertical-align: baseline; width: 718px;"><tbody style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><tr style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><td class="code" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: 718px;"><div class="container" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash comments" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #ff7d27; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"># service mysql stop</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">Shutting down MariaDB. [ OK ]</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><hr class="wp-block-separator is-style-dots" style="background: none; border: none; box-sizing: content-box; height: auto; line-height: 1; text-align: center;" /><h4 style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Raleway, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">How to check MariaDB server status</h4><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px;">On newer systems with <code style="background: rgb(245, 247, 248); border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid rgb(228, 228, 228); box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px; padding: 4px 4px 1px;">systemd</code></p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter code-sh bash" id="highlighter_517505" style="background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1em; margin: 1em 0px; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 0.5em 1em; position: relative; width: 750px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: none; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 0px; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; table-layout: auto; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1477.88px;"><tbody style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><tr style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><td class="code" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: 1477.88px;"><div class="container" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash comments" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #ff7d27; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"># systemctl status mariadb</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">mariadb.service - MariaDB database server</code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash spaces" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"> </code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">Loaded: loaded (</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">.service; enabled)</code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash spaces" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"> </code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">Active: active (running) since Thu 2019-01-10 02:32:04 EST; 1min 35s ago</code></div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash spaces" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"> </code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">Main PID: 10853 (mysqld_safe)</code></div><div class="line number6 index5 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash spaces" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"> </code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">CGroup: </code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">/system</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">.slice</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">/mariadb</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">.service</code></div><div class="line number7 index6 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash spaces" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"> </code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">├─10853 </code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">/bin/sh</code> <code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">/usr/bin/mysqld_safe</code> <code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">--basedir=</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">/usr</code></div><div class="line number8 index7 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash spaces" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"> </code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">└─11015 </code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">/usr/libexec/mysqld</code> <code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">--basedir=</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">/usr</code> <code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">--datadir=</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">/var/lib/mysql</code> <code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">--plugin-</code><code class="bash functions" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #81cef9; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">dir</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">=</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin</code> <code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">--log-error=</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">/var/log/mariadb/mariadb</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">.log --pid-</code><code class="bash keyword" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: cyan; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">fi</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">...</code></div><div class="line number9 index8 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"> </div><div class="line number10 index9 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">Jan 10 02:32:00 ip-172-31-89-93.ec2.internal mariadb-prepare-db-</code><code class="bash functions" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #81cef9; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">dir</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">[10775]: MySQL manual </code><code class="bash keyword" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: cyan; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">for</code> <code class="bash functions" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #81cef9; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">more</code> <code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">instructions.</code></div><div class="line number11 index10 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">Jan 10 02:32:00 ip-172-31-89-93.ec2.internal mariadb-prepare-db-</code><code class="bash functions" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #81cef9; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">dir</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">[10775]: Please report any problems at http:</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">//mariadb</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">.org</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">/jira</code></div><div class="line number12 index11 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">Jan 10 02:32:00 ip-172-31-89-93.ec2.internal mariadb-prepare-db-</code><code class="bash functions" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #81cef9; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">dir</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">[10775]: The latest information about MariaDB is available at http:</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">//mariadb</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">.org/.</code></div><div class="line number13 index12 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">Jan 10 02:32:00 ip-172-31-89-93.ec2.internal mariadb-prepare-db-</code><code class="bash functions" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #81cef9; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">dir</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">[10775]: You can </code><code class="bash functions" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #81cef9; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">find</code> <code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">additional information about the MySQL part at:</code></div><div class="line number14 index13 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">Jan 10 02:32:00 ip-172-31-89-93.ec2.internal mariadb-prepare-db-</code><code class="bash functions" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #81cef9; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">dir</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">[10775]: http:</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">//dev</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">.mysql.com</code></div><div class="line number15 index14 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">Jan 10 02:32:00 ip-172-31-89-93.ec2.internal mariadb-prepare-db-</code><code class="bash functions" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #81cef9; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">dir</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">[10775]: Consider joining MariaDB's strong and vibrant community:</code></div><div class="line number16 index15 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">Jan 10 02:32:00 ip-172-31-89-93.ec2.internal mariadb-prepare-db-</code><code class="bash functions" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #81cef9; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">dir</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">[10775]: https:</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">//mariadb</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">.org</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">/get-involved/</code></div><div class="line number17 index16 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">Jan 10 02:32:01 ip-172-31-89-93.ec2.internal mysqld_safe[10853]: 190110 02:32:01 mysqld_safe Logging to </code><code class="bash string" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #ff9e7b; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">'/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log'</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">.</code></div><div class="line number18 index17 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">Jan 10 02:32:01 ip-172-31-89-93.ec2.internal mysqld_safe[10853]: 190110 02:32:01 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from </code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">/var/lib/mysql</code></div><div class="line number19 index18 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">Jan 10 02:32:04 ip-172-31-89-93.ec2.internal systemd[1]: Started MariaDB database server.</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px;">On older systems with system V init</p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter code-sh bash" id="highlighter_70235" style="background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1em; margin: 1em 0px; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 0.5em 1em; position: relative; width: 750px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: none; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 0px; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; table-layout: auto; vertical-align: baseline; width: 718px;"><tbody style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><tr style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><td class="code" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: 718px;"><div class="container" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash comments" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #ff7d27; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"># service mysql status</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">MariaDB running (2122) [ OK ]</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><hr class="wp-block-separator is-style-dots" style="background: none; border: none; box-sizing: content-box; height: auto; line-height: 1; text-align: center;" /><h4 style="box-sizing: border-box; font-family: Raleway, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0px 0px 16px;">How to restart MariaDB server process</h4><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px;">On newer systems with systemd</p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter code-sh bash" id="highlighter_527824" style="background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1em; margin: 1em 0px; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 0.5em 1em; position: relative; width: 750px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: none; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 0px; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; table-layout: auto; vertical-align: baseline; width: 718px;"><tbody style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><tr style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><td class="code" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: 718px;"><div class="container" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">root@kerneltalks </code><code class="bash comments" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #ff7d27; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"># systemctl restart mariadb</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 26px; padding: 0px;">On older systems with system V init</p><div class="wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div class="syntaxhighlighter nogutter code-sh bash" id="highlighter_237331" style="background-color: black; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 1em; margin: 1em 0px; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 0.5em 1em; position: relative; width: 750px;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="background: none; border-collapse: collapse; border-radius: 0px; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; table-layout: auto; vertical-align: baseline; width: 941.266px;"><tbody style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><tr style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><td class="code" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: 941.266px;"><div class="container" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"><div class="line number1 index0 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">root@kerneltalks </code><code class="bash comments" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #ff7d27; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;"># service mysql restart</code></div><div class="line number2 index1 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">Shutting down MariaDB.... [ OK ]</code></div><div class="line number3 index2 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">Starting MariaDB.190110 07:35:01 mysqld_safe Logging to </code><code class="bash string" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: #ff9e7b; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">'/var/lib/mysql/ip-172-31-90-145.ec2.internal.err'</code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">.</code></div><div class="line number4 index3 alt1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">190110 07:35:01 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from </code><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">/var/lib/mysql</code></div><div class="line number5 index4 alt2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; direction: ltr; float: none; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0em; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre; width: auto;"><code class="bash plain" style="background: none; border-radius: 0px; border: 0px; box-shadow: none; box-sizing: content-box; color: lightgrey; direction: ltr; display: inline; float: none; font-family: Monaco, Consolas, "Bitstream Vera Sans Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 1em; height: auto; inset: auto; line-height: 1.1em; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow: visible; padding: 0px; position: static; vertical-align: baseline; width: auto;">. [ OK ]</code></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><br /></div></div></div></div><div class="prev-next-navigation" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; color: #222222; font-family: Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; margin: 20px 0px; overflow: hidden;"></div>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-49039488261352911162021-12-14T23:27:00.001+06:002022-01-19T23:29:09.009+06:00Install and Setup FreeRADIUS on CentOS 5/6 and Ubuntu 11.10<p> <span style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">A simple tutorial to setup and configure</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"> </span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 600; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">FreeRADIUS</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"> </span><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 600; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">on CentOS 5/6 and Ubuntu 11.10</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Just follow the instructions below to have your <span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">FreeRADIUS</span> setup ready to go when used along with our WHMCS module, we have distinguished the difference between CentOS commands and Ubuntu commands:</p><h2 style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(51, 102, 153); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #336699; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 28px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 1.4; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">CentOS 5:</span></h2><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">yum install freeradius2 freeradius2-mysql freeradius2-utils mysql-server -y</pre><h2 style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(51, 102, 153); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #336699; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 28px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 1.4; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">CentOS 6:</span></h2><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">yum install freeradius freeradius-mysql freeradius-utils mysql-server -y</pre><h2 style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(51, 102, 153); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #336699; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 28px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 1.4; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ubuntu:</span></h2><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">apt-get install freeradius freeradius-mysql freeradius-utils mysql-server</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">They should install without any problems.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">To setup MySQL run the following to set your password:</p><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Common problems usually arise on cPanel servers but please check our knowldgebase for fixing issues on cPanel servers, next we need to create the radius database, type:</p><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">mysql</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">or</p><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">mysql -uroot -p</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Then enter your mysql root password to continue…</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Now create the database and grant all privileges to user radius:</p><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">CREATE DATABASE radius;</pre><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON radius.* TO radius@localhost IDENTIFIED BY "radpass";</pre><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">flush privileges;</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">In certain situations you may need to grant remote access to mysql, to do this please follow the guide below:</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Now thats done we want to import the tables for radius:</p><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">mysql> use radius;</pre><h3 style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(51, 102, 153); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #336699; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 26px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 1.4; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">CentOS:</span></h3><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">SOURCE /etc/raddb/sql/mysql/schema.sql</pre><h3 style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(51, 102, 153); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #336699; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 26px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 1.4; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ubuntu:</span></h3><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">SOURCE /etc/freeradius/sql/mysql/schema.sql</pre><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">exit</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Now open up CentOS:<span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">/etc/raddb/sql.conf</span> Ubuntu: <span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">/etc/freeradius/sql.conf</span> and enter your mysql database details you just created, Example:</p><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;"># Connection info:
server = "localhost"
#port = 3306
login = "radius"
password = "radpass"
# Database table configuration for everything except Oracle
radius_db = "radius"</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">In /etc/raddb/radiusd.conf ensure that the line saying:</p><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">$INCLUDE sql.conf</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">is uncommented.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Edit /etc/raddb/sites-available/default and uncomment the line containing ‘sql’ in the authorize{} section and ‘sql’ in the accounting {} section, also uncomment ‘sql’ under session {}.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Additionally, edit /etc/raddb/sites-available/inner-tunnel and uncomment the line containing ‘sql’ under “authorize {}” and under session {}.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Open up /etc/raddb/clients.conf set your secret to something a bit more random, example:</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Change:</p><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">secret = testing123</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">To something like:</p><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">secret = 3c23498n349c3yt290y93b4t3</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Now check to see if Radius is working ok:</p><h3 style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(51, 102, 153); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #336699; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 26px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 1.4; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">CentOS:</span></h3><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">service radiusd restart</pre><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">service radiusd stop</pre><h3 style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(51, 102, 153); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #336699; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 26px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 1.4; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ubuntu:</span></h3><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">service freeradius restart</pre><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">service freeradius stop</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">To add clients (External VPN Servers) you would edit CentOS: <span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">/etc/raddb/clients.conf</span> Ubuntu:<span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 600; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">/etc/freeradius/clients.conf</span> and directly under this line:</p><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;"># coa_server = coa
}</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Add a block such as this:<br style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;" /></p><center style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;"></center><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">client VPN_SERVER_IP {
secret = YOUR SECRET HERE
shortname = yourVPN
nastype = other
}</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">To allow external servers and software to authenticate off your FreeRADIUS, this has to be done every time you setup an external server to use this FreeRADIUS database.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Everytime you add a client or change a value in the config files you need to restart radius like this:</p><h3 style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(51, 102, 153); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #336699; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 26px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 1.4; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">CentOS:</span></h3><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">service radiusd restart</pre><h3 style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(51, 102, 153); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #336699; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 26px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 1.4; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ubuntu:</span></h3><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">service freeradius restart</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Add a test user to the radius database, first you need to login to your mysql radius database:</p><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">mysql -uroot -pyourrootpass</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Switch to the radius database:</p><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">use radius;</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Once there execute the below commands:</p><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">mysql> INSERT INTO `radcheck` (`id`, `username`, `attribute`, `op`, `value`) VALUES (1,'test','User-Password',':=','test');</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Next test the test user with radtest.</p><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">radtest test test 127.0.0.1 0 mysecret</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">If you see “rad_recv: Access-Accept” then your installation is working fine.</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 25px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">If you have any problems with FreeRADIUS you can run FreeRADIUS in debug mode to help pinpoint any issues, to do that just do the following:</p><h3 style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(51, 102, 153); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #336699; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 26px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 1.4; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">CentOS:</span></h3><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">service radiusd stop</pre><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">radiusd -X</pre><h3 style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(51, 102, 153); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-image: initial; border-left-color: initial; border-left-style: initial; border-right-color: initial; border-right-style: initial; border-top-color: initial; border-top-style: initial; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #336699; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 26px; letter-spacing: -0.5px; line-height: 1.4; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 0.5em; outline: none; padding: 0px;"><span style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Ubuntu:</span></h3><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">service freeradius stop</pre><pre style="background: rgb(5, 30, 48); border-color: rgb(40, 159, 244); border-image: initial; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; box-sizing: border-box; color: white; direction: ltr; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.625; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 30px; margin-top: 30px; outline: none; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 10px 10px 10px 18px; tab-size: 2;">freeradius -X</pre><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #1a1a1a; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Helvetica Neue", "Open Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 26px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: none; padding: 0px;">Now you can see in realtime if your authentication queries are actually reaching the server or the reasons why some users may be rejected authentication.</p>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-82337977673597966542021-12-01T10:45:00.002+06:002021-12-02T10:46:39.602+06:00Install FTP service on CentOS 6 – vsftpd<p> <span face=""Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #2f3941; font-size: 15px;">The first two letters of vsftpd stand for "very secure" and the program was built to have strongest protection against possible FTP vulnerabilities.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"> </p><h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Install <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">vsftpd</em></span></h2><ol style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; list-style-position: outside; margin: 20px 0px 20px 20px; padding-left: 20px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">Update our packages with the following command:</li></ol><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"> <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"> <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">yum -y update</em></span></p><ol start="2" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; list-style-position: outside; margin: 20px 0px 20px 20px; padding-left: 20px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">Install <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">vsftpd</em> and any required packages with one of the following commands:</li></ol><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">sudo yum install vsftpd</em></span></p><ol start="3" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; list-style-position: outside; margin: 20px 0px 20px 20px; padding-left: 20px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">Install the FTP client, so that we can connect to an FTP server:</li></ol><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">sudo yum install ftp</em></span></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </em><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </em></p><h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Configure <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">vsftpd</em></span></h2><ol style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; list-style-position: outside; margin: 20px 0px 20px 20px; padding-left: 20px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">Once <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">VSFTP</em> is installed, you can adjust the configuration. Open up the configuration file:</li></ol><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">sudo vi /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf</em></span></p><ol start="2" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; list-style-position: outside; margin: 20px 0px 20px 20px; padding-left: 20px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">Change the <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">Anonymous_enable</em> to <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">No</em>:</li></ol><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">anonymous_enable = NO</em></span></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">You need to use the letter “i” to insert/edit text, navigating with your keyboard arrows.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">Prior to this change, <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">vsftpd</em> allowed anonymous, unidentified users to access the server files. This is useful if you are seeking to distribute information widely, but may be considered a serious security issue in most other cases.</p><ol start="3" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; list-style-position: outside; margin: 20px 0px 20px 20px; padding-left: 20px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">Set the <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">local_enable</em> option to yes.</li></ol><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">local_enable = YES</em></span></p><ol start="4" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; list-style-position: outside; margin: 20px 0px 20px 20px; padding-left: 20px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">Set <em style="box-sizing: border-box;">chroot_local_user to Yes</em>. When this line is set to Yes, all the local users will be jailed within their chroot and will be denied access to any other part of the server.</li></ol><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">chroot_local_user=YES</em></span></p><ol start="5" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; list-style-position: outside; margin: 20px 0px 20px 20px; padding-left: 20px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">Finish up by restarting<em style="box-sizing: border-box;"> vsftpd</em></li></ol><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">sudo service vsftpd restart</em></span></p><ol start="6" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; list-style-position: outside; margin: 20px 0px 20px 20px; padding-left: 20px;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;">In order to ensure that<em style="box-sizing: border-box;"> vsftpd </em>runs at boot running chkconfig:</li></ol><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">chkconfig vsftpd on</em></span></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"> </em></span><em style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"> </em></p><h2 style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 22px; margin-top: 0px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;">Access the FTP server</span></h2><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">You can reach an FTP server in the browser by typing the domain name into the address bar and logging in with the appropriate ID. Keep in mind, you will only be able to access the user's home directory.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">ftp://example.com</em></span></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">Alternatively, you can reach the FTP server through the command line by typing:</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"> <span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">ftp example.com</em></span></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #2f3941; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;">Then you can use the word, "<span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: bolder;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">exit</em></span>," to get out of the FTP shell.</p>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-44341172138315108602021-11-04T21:35:00.002+06:002021-11-21T21:37:13.277+06:00Get time difference between two times in PHP using DateTime class<p> <span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px;">Today in this post, we are going to see how to calculate and then get the time difference between two times in PHP.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; margin: 0px 0px 1.2em; overflow-wrap: break-word;">You may notice on social media network like Facebook shows a post published “1 hour ago” or “2 minutes ago” or something like that. In that case, also, it is actually calculating the time difference. now I am going to see the easiest way of getting the time difference in PHP.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; margin: 0px 0px 1.2em; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Let’s follow me…</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; margin: 0px 0px 1.2em; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Getting the difference between two times is a quite easy task. PHP already has the in-built DateTime class that can do it.</p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; margin: 0px 0px 1.2em; overflow-wrap: break-word;">Below is an example where we have taken two date time string and showing it:</p><div class="enlighter-default enlighter-v-standard enlighter-t-atomic enlighter-hover enlighter-linenumbers enlighter-overflow-scroll " style="background-color: #272b33; box-sizing: border-box; color: #939393; direction: ltr; font-family: Inconsolata, Consolas, "Source Code Pro", "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.35em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; overflow-wrap: normal !important; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div class="enlighter" style="border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-reset: enlighter 0; display: table; empty-cells: show; font-size: 1em; margin: 0px; min-width: 100%; padding: 0px; width: 868.328px;"><div class="" style="border: 0px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #596174; display: table-row; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.6em; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; padding: 5px 5px 1px 14px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; display: table-cell; padding-left: 10px; white-space: pre !important;"><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">$time1 = </span><span class="enlighter-k1" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #d171dd; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">new</span><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="enlighter-m0" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #4284ae; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">DateTime</span><span class="enlighter-g1" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #6b7c8b; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">(</span><span class="enlighter-s0" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #7cc379; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'2017-01-23 18:16:25'</span><span class="enlighter-g1" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #6b7c8b; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">)</span><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">;</span></div></div><div class="" style="border: 0px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #596174; display: table-row; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.6em; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; padding: 1px 5px 1px 14px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; display: table-cell; padding-left: 10px; white-space: pre !important;"><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">$time2 = </span><span class="enlighter-k1" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #d171dd; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">new</span><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span class="enlighter-m0" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #4284ae; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">DateTime</span><span class="enlighter-g1" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #6b7c8b; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">(</span><span class="enlighter-s0" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #7cc379; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'2019-01-23 11:36:28'</span><span class="enlighter-g1" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #6b7c8b; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">)</span><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">;</span></div></div><div class="" style="border: 0px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #596174; display: table-row; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.6em; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; padding: 1px 5px 1px 14px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; display: table-cell; padding-left: 10px; white-space: pre !important;"><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">$timediff = $time1-</span><span class="enlighter-g1" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #6b7c8b; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">></span><span class="enlighter-m0" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #4284ae; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">diff</span><span class="enlighter-g1" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #6b7c8b; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">(</span><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">$time2</span><span class="enlighter-g1" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #6b7c8b; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">)</span><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">;</span></div></div><div class="" style="border: 0px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #596174; display: table-row; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.6em; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; padding: 1px 5px 5px 14px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; display: table-cell; padding-left: 10px; white-space: pre !important;"><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">echo $timediff-</span><span class="enlighter-g1" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #6b7c8b; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">></span><span class="enlighter-m0" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #4284ae; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">format</span><span class="enlighter-g1" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #6b7c8b; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">(</span><span class="enlighter-s0" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #7cc379; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">'%y year %m month %d days %h hour %i minute %s second'</span><span class="enlighter-g1" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #6b7c8b; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">)</span><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">.</span><span class="enlighter-s0" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #7cc379; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"<br/>"</span><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">;</span></div></div></div></div><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; margin: 0px 0px 1.2em; overflow-wrap: break-word;">The above PHP code will print the result that we can see below:</p><pre style="background-color: whitesmoke; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Courier New", monospace; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.42857; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-top: 6px; max-width: 660px; overflow-wrap: break-word; overflow: auto; padding: 9.5px; word-break: break-all;">1 year 11 month 30 days 17 hour 20 minute 3 second</pre><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; margin: 0px 0px 1.2em; overflow-wrap: break-word;">You can also print second, minutes, hours, day, month and year separately just by calling like methods from the DateTime class:</p><div class="enlighter-default enlighter-v-standard enlighter-t-atomic enlighter-hover enlighter-linenumbers enlighter-overflow-scroll " style="background-color: #272b33; box-sizing: border-box; color: #939393; direction: ltr; font-family: Inconsolata, Consolas, "Source Code Pro", "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", Courier, monospace; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.35em; margin: 0px 0px 20px; overflow-wrap: normal !important; overflow: auto hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div class="enlighter-toolbar-top enlighter-toolbar" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; right: 10px; top: 10px; z-index: 10;"><div class="enlighter-btn enlighter-btn-raw" style="background-color: #13151a; background-image: none; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(56, 62, 73); box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 1.1em; margin: 0px 5px; padding: 2px 8px;" title="Plain text"></div><div class="enlighter-btn enlighter-btn-copy" style="background-color: #13151a; background-image: none; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(56, 62, 73); box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 1.1em; margin: 0px 5px; padding: 2px 8px;" title="Copy to clipboard"></div><div class="enlighter-btn enlighter-btn-window" style="background-color: #13151a; background-image: none; border-radius: 4px; border: 1px solid rgb(56, 62, 73); box-sizing: border-box; cursor: pointer; display: inline-block; font-family: "Open Sans", Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 1.1em; margin: 0px 5px; padding: 2px 8px;" title="Open code in new window"></div></div><div class="enlighter" style="border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-reset: enlighter 0; display: table; empty-cells: show; font-size: 1em; margin: 0px; min-width: 100%; padding: 0px; width: 868.328px;"><div class="" style="border: 0px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #596174; display: table-row; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.6em; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; padding: 5px 5px 1px 14px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; display: table-cell; padding-left: 10px; white-space: pre !important;"><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">echo $timediff-</span><span class="enlighter-g1" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #6b7c8b; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">></span><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">s.</span><span class="enlighter-s0" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #7cc379; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"<br/>"</span><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">;</span></div></div><div class="" style="border: 0px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #596174; display: table-row; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.6em; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; padding: 1px 5px 1px 14px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; display: table-cell; padding-left: 10px; white-space: pre !important;"><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">echo $timediff-</span><span class="enlighter-g1" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #6b7c8b; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">></span><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">i.</span><span class="enlighter-s0" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #7cc379; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"<br/>"</span><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">;</span></div></div><div class="" style="background-color: #2e353e; border: 0px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #596174; display: table-row; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.6em; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; padding: 1px 5px 1px 14px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; display: table-cell; padding-left: 10px; white-space: pre !important;"><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">echo $timediff-</span><span class="enlighter-g1" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #6b7c8b; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">></span><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">h.</span><span class="enlighter-s0" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #7cc379; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"<br/>"</span><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">;</span></div></div><div class="" style="border: 0px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #596174; display: table-row; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.6em; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; padding: 1px 5px 1px 14px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; display: table-cell; padding-left: 10px; white-space: pre !important;"><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">echo $timediff-</span><span class="enlighter-g1" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #6b7c8b; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">></span><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">d.</span><span class="enlighter-s0" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #7cc379; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"<br/>"</span><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">;</span></div></div><div class="" style="border: 0px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #596174; display: table-row; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.6em; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; padding: 1px 5px 1px 14px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; display: table-cell; padding-left: 10px; white-space: pre !important;"><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">echo $timediff-</span><span class="enlighter-g1" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #6b7c8b; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">></span><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">m.</span><span class="enlighter-s0" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #7cc379; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"<br/>"</span><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">;</span></div></div><div class="" style="border: 0px solid rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box; color: #596174; display: table-row; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.6em; list-style: none; margin: 0px; min-height: 14px; padding: 1px 5px 5px 14px;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box; display: table-cell; padding-left: 10px; white-space: pre !important;"><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">echo $timediff-</span><span class="enlighter-g1" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #6b7c8b; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; font-weight: 700; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">></span><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">y.</span><span class="enlighter-s0" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #7cc379; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"<br/>"</span><span class="enlighter-text" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #cfd5e0; font-family: inherit; font-size: 1.4em; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">;</span></div></div></div><div class="enlighter-toolbar-bottom enlighter-toolbar" style="bottom: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; right: 10px; top: 10px; z-index: 10;"></div></div><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #333333; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 18px; line-height: 28px; margin: 0px 0px 1.2em; overflow-wrap: break-word;"> </p>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8439291752679571546.post-60004958057594121962021-08-20T23:16:00.004+06:002021-08-20T23:16:47.182+06:00Example # date() Formatting<p> <span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;"><?php</span></p><span style="background-color: white; color: #ff8000; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">// Assuming today is March 10th, 2001, 5:16:18 pm, and that we are in the<br />// Mountain Standard Time (MST) Time Zone<br /><br /></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">$today </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">= </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">date</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">(</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #dd0000; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">"F j, Y, g:i a"</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">); </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #ff8000; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">// March 10, 2001, 5:16 pm<br /></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">$today </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">= </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">date</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">(</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #dd0000; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">"m.d.y"</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">); </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #ff8000; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">// 03.10.01<br /></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">$today </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">= </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">date</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">(</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #dd0000; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">"j, n, Y"</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">); </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #ff8000; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">// 10, 3, 2001<br /></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">$today </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">= </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">date</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">(</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #dd0000; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">"Ymd"</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">); </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #ff8000; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">// 20010310<br /></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">$today </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">= </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">date</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">(</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #dd0000; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">'h-i-s, j-m-y, it is w Day'</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">); </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #ff8000; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">// 05-16-18, 10-03-01, 1631 1618 6 Satpm01<br /></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">$today </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">= </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">date</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">(</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #dd0000; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">'\i\t \i\s \t\h\e jS \d\a\y.'</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">); </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #ff8000; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">// it is the 10th day.<br /></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">$today </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">= </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">date</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">(</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #dd0000; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">"D M j G:i:s T Y"</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">); </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #ff8000; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">// Sat Mar 10 17:16:18 MST 2001<br /></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">$today </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">= </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">date</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">(</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #dd0000; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">'H:m:s \m \i\s\ \m\o\n\t\h'</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">); </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #ff8000; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">// 17:03:18 m is month<br /></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">$today </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">= </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">date</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">(</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #dd0000; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">"H:i:s"</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">); </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #ff8000; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">// 17:16:18<br /></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">$today </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">= </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">date</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">(</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #dd0000; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">"Y-m-d H:i:s"</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #007700; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">); </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #ff8000; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">// 2001-03-10 17:16:18 (the MySQL DATETIME format)<br /></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0000bb; font-family: "Fira Mono", "Source Code Pro", monospace; font-size: 14px;">?></span>ITExam_Bloghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07173242917355966613noreply@blogger.com0